Campus Review Volume 27. Issue 06 | June 17 | Página 24

VET & TAFE campusreview.com.au Gap narrows A new report shows that in some categories, Indigenous VET students are doing better than their non- Indigenous counterparts. Georgina Windley interviewed by Loren Smith Y oung Indigenous Australians are becoming more educated and are thereby helping to ‘close the gap’, according to a new report from the National Centre for Vocational Education Research (NCVER). Increased Indigenous vocational completions are driving this change, though they remain behind non-Indigenous completions. Jodieann Dawe, the national manager of research and engagement at NCVER, explained the correlation between education and better life outcomes in a statement: “We know from existing research that employment rates are higher for those who gain a certificate III or higher, showing VET is a key component to closing the gap in employment disparity.” Not only are they closing the gap, in some instances Indigenous youths are outclassing their non-Indigenous peers. The report found that Indigenous trade apprentices, for example, were more likely to be employed, post-training, than others. However, not all Indigenous youths are excelling. Those in remote regions fall behind those in regional and urban areas in terms of VET enrolment, completion and employment. Also, in general, Indigenous VET graduates are about 9 per cent less likely to be employed compared to non-Indigenous VET graduates. VET vastly outweighs other post-school education pathways in regards to its Indigenous popularity. In 2015, Indigenous enrolments in TAFE and private training providers made up 79 per cent of Indigenous education. By contrast, universities made up just 2.7 per cent of enrolments. The most popular courses among Indigenous men are engineering and related technologies; mixed field programs (those that teach literacy, numeracy and personal development); architecture and building; and agriculture, environmental and related studies. For Indigenous women, the most popular courses are management and commerce; society and culture; mixed field programs; and food, hospitality and personal services. While employment outcomes may be deficient, Indigenous VET graduates experience higher rates of self-satisfaction, confidence and communication skills. 22 Campus Review sits down with Georgina Windley, a research officer at NCVER, to discuss the report and how the VET sector is helping to close the gap. CR: The report showed an increase in Indigenous people completing VET qualifications from 2005 to 2015. How big was this increase? GW : Well, we can see that while overall completion numbers have increased, enrolment numbers have also increased, so it isn’t necessarily a broad increase in qualifications. When we report on qualifications, we look at completion rates rather than completion numbers, and we can see that Indigenous people are less likely to complete compared with their non-Indigenous counterparts. I think that’s around 25 per cent of Indigenous VET students are likely to complete their qualifications compared with around 38 or 39 per cent of non-Indigenous people. You also found some positives in respect to Indigenous people in the VET sector. Indigenous trade apprentices are more likely to gain post-training employment than non-Indigenous apprentices. How large is this gap and why do you think it exists? Yes, that’s true, Indigenous trade apprentices – those not employed before training, that is – are more likely to be employed after training than their non-Indigenous counterparts. For Indigenous trade apprentices, it’s around 89 or 90 per cent of people who are employed after training, and for non-Indigenous trade apprentices it is about 78 per cent. We didn’t look into why that was the case. However, there are quite a few programs and policies aimed at Indigenous apprentices, so that may have had some impact on it. The report found that, overall, Indigenous VET graduates were less likely to be employed compared to non-Indigenous graduates. Can you speculate as to why? Yes, that’s right. Around 67.5 per cent of Indigenous graduates are employed after training compared with 75 per cent of non- Indigenous graduates. We didn’t look at why. However … over the time period we looked at, there was a bit of a slow in the employment level as a result of the post-GFC workforce. So this may have an impact on both Indigenous and non-Indigenous opportunities for VET graduates. But we’ve also found that for those who weren’t employed before training, around about the same or similar proportions of Indigenous and non-Indigenous graduates were employed after training. So a lot