Campus Review Volume 25. Issue 12 | Page 17

INDUSTRY & RESEARCH campusreview.com.au R esearch funds should be allocated based on success at commercialisation, as well as research quality, the new chair of Innovation Australia says. Speaking to Campus Review, Ferris reiterates the federal government’s message of establishing a more innovative nation. He says roughly three-quarters of Australian businesses lack an “innovation culture” and Australia is struggling to keep up with its competitors in the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development in this space. To boost Australia’s innovation, universities should be encouraged to get greater engagement with industry and demonstrate more of their research's impact in terms of benefits to the community and commercial outcomes. “[Universities and research institutes] get their monies largely based on the quality of their research,” Ferris says. “We also need to see [data] about the impact – call it commercialisation – of some of this research, as part of the criteria for allocating resources to researchers around the country. Until we get that, we probably won’t get much behavioural shift.” Business also needs to rethink how it can improve its collaboration efforts with researchers, Ferris says, and he acknowledges that many corporations already engage with this. Corporate risk taking is essential to harnessing the disruptive opportunities research offers. Here, Ferris discusses the historical hurdles to innovation within Australian culture and how the country might overcome them. CR: Bill, the Australian Innovation System Report 2015 was released in November. What was its key message? BF: I think the key message was the fact that we continue to be great researchers but not great commercialisers. We are struggling to stay in the top 30 of the OECD nations in terms of any commercialisation metrics. The lack of access to venture development funds and skilled people are still the two main barriers to innovation in this country for all young, and certainly small, businesses. Indeed, the report points out that 75 per cent of all Australian businesses have basically no innovation culture at all. The report showed that Australian start-ups are being innovative. How do we get older businesses doing the same? It’s part of the whole risk-taking attitude throughout Australian business and the community in general. I think a lot of big and medium-sized businesses are actively engaging in how they can harness disruptive technologies and other competitive threats, rather than just put their heads in the sand. It’s going to be a topdown and bottom-up exercise as to how you do that, how you access research, how you access new things and take the chance, take the risk with new money and new skills and new people. [There is recognition now] of a need for innovation – from start-ups to small business and big business. You’ve been quoted as saying Australia suffers from a fear of failure. Can you explain this? I’d start with two or three points. History gives you some clues, because we have been a small-market economy, a long way away from markets of any size. So it’s rational behaviour to be careful if you are a business person employing people and thinking about investing in capital et cetera. It’s rational behaviour to take care in those circumstances. Now you fast forward to an increasingly digital, web-based economy for many products and services that can be distributed far and wide electronically. In those sectors, we’re starting to see some of the risk-aversion and fear of failure disappearing. The bankruptcy laws are another intimidation that still prevails. They began in colonial days, with quite draconian jail sentences and treatment for people who, whether wittingly or unwittingly, had a go and went broke, leaving unpaid creditors. Distinguishing between an honest failure and a fraudulent one isn’t easy but it is a fundamentally important difference not always recognised in our insolvency laws. I’m not suggesting we be quick to remove appropriate protections, I’m just trying to explain why I think there has been this innate fear of failure. The third point is that as a result of all of that, there is a centuries-old notion that if you try and fail, it’s a badge of shame and disgrace at a social level, whereas it might be a badge of honour in cultures such as the US or Israel and elsewhere. We have to deal with that. How do you think we change that attitude moving forward? I think the younger generation and th