Campus Review Vol 30. Issue 05 | May 2020 | Page 23

INDUSTRY & RESEARCH campusreview.com.au over your head, to be able to ensure you can afford nutritious food. Not having enough money to lead some sort of life and, particularly for children, some sort of “normal life”. I say that in inverted commas because the stress of not having or being able to do those kinds of things is very bad for our mental wellbeing. But it’s also bad for our physical health. That ongoing accumulated stress can increase our risk of heart disease as well. There’s a lot of evidence that’s been built up over the past number of decades that shows us that stress matters. And that relates to the sense of not having control over our life; so, people who are now having to queue to get social welfare – we haven’t quite seen the queues in terms of emergency food relief that we see in the US, but that may not be a million miles away for us. This actually takes away our control over our everyday life. We just don’t know where we’re going to get the money from. We just don’t know where we’re going to get the food from. We just don’t know. Are we ever going to be able to live in the way we knew and loved? What can be done at a local, state and federal level to help our most vulnerable through this? I know that you are a supporter of extending the JobSeeker payment at its current level, which is more than what it used to be. What other things can be done? recently lose their jobs in a very dramatic and unexpected way. Yes, we have the people who were catapulted into poverty. People who just weren’t expecting to be in that situation. Individuals who might’ve been accumulating debt and, because they thought that they had jobs, thought they’d be able to keep continuing to pay it off. Now they find themselves in the situation where that’s not the case. I think it’s really very concerning. People in poverty experience a host of negative consequences, particularly in their physical and mental health. What are your main concerns as this pandemic continues? Poverty and disadvantage affect our health in a load of different ways. Not having enough money, for example, to be able to make sure you’ve got a roof The sorts of interventions that we’ve seen coming from all levels of government have to be applauded. You mentioned the intervention around the JobSeeker payment. And then, of course, this historic JobKeeper payment. That’s fantastic. That will not only help people get back into work but back into spending, so that’s incredibly good for the economy. But that will just keep people well for now. It will prevent these sorts of health outcomes I’ve been speaking about. So, incredible interventions, but they can’t be a one-off. If we learn nothing else from COVID-19 and all of the responses to it, it’s that the economy and health are so intrinsically connected that doing the right thing for the economy is also incredibly good for both social and health outcomes. Other sorts of supports that can be done and which we’ve seen is the Youth Alliance. Fantastic. And the interventions around housing and support for tenants. Making sure that people aren’t on the streets if they can’t afford to pay their rent. There has been some criticism around the housing relief packages, however. Many are saying that it’s been left too much to the landlord and the tenants to negotiate and some power structures exist there. Exactly, and that’s such an important point. Let’s have a clear framework from government that guides people on how that should be done, because it’s just been left to people’s own devices. But get a clear framework in place and this sort of intervention would be really helpful for people who are socially disadvantaged. Just going back to the poverty line idea, housing is incredibly expensive. Fifty per cent of the median household disposable income would be just over $400 a week for a single adult living alone. For two adults with two children, it’s roughly $900 a week. And if you think of everything that you have to pay for – including housing – that’s not a lot of money. So, it creates Doing the right thing for the economy is also incredibly good for both social and health outcomes. a real financial stress for a lot of people. So, I suppose what you’re starting to see in our conversation is that [we need to be] thinking about social protection policy and about housing policy. The other thing to think about is the nature of jobs in the country. So, before COVID-19 even became a problem, Australia, like many other OECD countries, had this incredible sort of precarious employment. Some people don’t even have a contract. They don’t know if they’ve got a shift or not. And that really suits a lot of people, of course, but for people who are financially stressed, that’s not a good thing. The nature of our work matters for our health, particularly our mental health. And if we’ve got poor-quality jobs – low-paying jobs with little social protections around them – which then make people sick and they’re not able to work, which also means they’re not able to contribute to the economy in that sense, that costs us as a society financially and otherwise. ■ 21