Campus Review Vol 29. Issue 5 May 2019 | Page 15

policy & reform campusreview.com.au Is this in some sense ideological, where traditionally humanities have been thought of as not as important as STEM subjects? I think it’s more economic. In other words, universities are putting money in where there is money to be made, and that is obviously in STEM areas like medicine and engineering. Humanities don’t command that level of [short-term] return, other than students and perhaps postgraduates. Long term, the benefits are much more enduring than the immediate financial return of investing in the STEM areas. I don’t think it’s necessarily ideological; I think it’s where the universities are at the moment in terms of their budgeting and their finance. I think universities see it as a necessary part of what they do to be a broad university. But beyond that, we don’t see evidence of increased or prioritised funding in the humanities area. The returns are limited, and the focus seems to be elsewhere. Are we unique in relation to other Western countries in terms of this lack of funding and focus at the moment? CR: Why and how do you think we got to this low point in the humanities in terms of funding and focus? JD: There’s a fairly direct and easy answer to that: disinvestment. Disinvestment over a considerable period of time – by universities and by the higher ed sector more generally. When that becomes a pattern, you can feel the impact over the short and long term. I think this is often a function of institutional decision-making, where what we see is an emphasis on the short term rather than taking a long-term view of the knowledge base and the capability that Australia needs nationally. What this points to is, in universities, the humanities are valued really only insofar as they bring in students and funding – and those are short-term goals. Beyond that, we have seen a decline in commitment and policy in the long term about the humanities and what contribution they make to the Australian economy and society. Those dual issues of disinvestment and short-termism bring about the situation we have today – which is not a satisfactory one. Countries such as Sweden, Canada, the US, Germany and France have a far more sophisticated approach to research priority setting. Here in Australia, we have a very outdated science and research priority framework. So the short answer is yes, globally we are way back when we benchmark in other countries about the level of investment and the priorities that those countries are putting in the HSS area in terms of future development. We can probably all acknowledge that there’s an importance in understanding the humanities and offering them, but we need to take the next leap up and appreciate that the humanities offer social and economic value, and make a fundamental contribution to culture, society and wellbeing – and the economy as well. Countries that appreciate this invest in HASS way above Australia’s investments – both in terms of infrastructure and in terms of identifying that the skill set that humanities bring is unique. The other area where there’s been value put on HASS is in social inclusion and wellbeing. You can look at the economics of it, and the importance and contribution of the skill set of humanities, but also broader questions around social inclusion and wellbeing are fundamentally addressed by the humanities. Other countries appreciate that. Particularly in the UK, a lot of programs have been structured around those two principles, which Australia has yet to do. Are you concerned by what Australia might stand to lose in those social, cultural and economic areas if we don’t reconsider the importance we’re placing on humanities? Absolutely. This is why we put together this platform of eight fundamental principles, because we believe that humanities is essential for the development of the skill set for the future. We all know that AI is about to explode, if it hasn’t already. The skills we train our humanities students on – critical and creative thinking, communication, collaboration and ethics – are high-order skills that are not imparted through STEM. In the humanities disciplines, these are really important skill sets that we nurture and develop. The issue has increasingly come to the fore with reviews, assessments and reports about the impact of tasks that are becoming more automated, with emphasis put onto these sorts of skills around synthesis, articulating complex ideas, judgements and so on. There are also lots of studies looking at the direct correlation between social cohesion and economic growth. Again, there’s been quite a discussion around that. Another area – one of the points in our eight-point plan – is building language capacity. We live in a global world, we’re international, we’re transnational: it’s fundamental that we build our language capacity in this country in the short and longer term. Without that capacity, Australia is going to suffer dramatically – economically in The skills we train our humanities students on ... are high-order skills that are not imparted through STEM. terms of a whole range of areas, but also just being an international player in research, in the workplace, in innovation. Without that language capacity, it’s fundamentally problematic. Those are the summit areas in terms of the impact we can expect if we don’t start addressing some of these issues. ■ 13