Campus Review Vol. 29 Issue 4 - April 2019 | Page 21

industry & research campusreview.com.au “In such a world, we would all have the creativity of Van Gogh, we could all be millionaires on the stock market, we could know the future of human civilisation, we could find our perfect match in love. We would be demigods, basically. “Obviously, such a world is extremely difficult to imagine, but perhaps, more modestly, along the way to such a place, we’d learn a lot about computation, life and our place and meaning in the world.” From a more immediate perspective, Nicolau says the problem of how long it was taking a computer to wade through extreme amounts of data kept cropping up in different guises. In part it was due to a computer’s inability to accept imperfection, just like in choosing the perfect love match. “For example, when drugs for medical treatment are created, we have to accept they do not always perfectly bind and therefore do not always work, or only work on some people,” he says. “We have to accept sub-optimal sometimes – that’s life – but we cannot have the same attitude to things like cyber security, nuclear codes or aeroplane design. “These we need to be perfect and so we need our computers to be up to the challenge.” According to Nicolau, much of what society calls ‘intelligence’ or ‘reasoning’ reduces to solving an NP-complete problem called ‘satisfiability’ – SAT. “Whether it’s scheduling meetings, finding a mate or creating art, all roads flow through SAT. My project aims to design bio-computers that can carry out reasoning tasks like this and also to bring this nascent technology back to Australia, where it was conceived. Our microscopic bio-computer has proved it is capable of working in parallel to do a hard problem, like a millipede moving all its legs at the same time.” This is achieved through a combination of the properties of living things (multitasking) with the best of technology (precision). “And besides helping us solve real-world problems, what we learn from creating these bio-computers may also help us think We need our universities ... to support risky but potentially world-changing technologies. about profound theoretical/metaphysical questions, like P versus NP, the deepest problem in all of mathematics and, arguably, all of science. “If Australia is to be and remain a world leader in research, we need our universities and funding bodies to support risky but potentially world-changing technologies, and it is wonderful to see the ARC and QUT doing just that here. “Right now, we are quietly confident; the biocomputers are getting better fast, but can we keep the party going? We’ll see.” ■ 19