Campus Review Vol. 29 Issue 3 - March 2019 | Page 23

VET & TAFE campusreview.com.au The $205 million in grants for HE AQF 5–6 sub-bachelor courses paid to 36 universities in 2018 for 18,847 ‘designated places’ would be re-purposed (to off-set loans or for other purposes). Universities predictably would argue for a ‘full demand’ driven policy, but this in any case may yet be curbed even at bachelor level (under the present government) by restraints or overriding conditions like population growth or performance-based measures. Under the present VET Student Loan legislation, it is possible for a departmental secretary to cap loans at an institution- specific level by imposing conditions of a ‘provider fee limit’ (S.34). From the Commonwealth’s perspective, this controls their loan exposure. They could also, or alternatively, impose general requirements by legislating course conditions requiring ‘focus on industry needs’ (but importantly exempting foreign language diplomas) and ‘full articulation’. The upside for universities would be freedom from periodic negotiation and quota accountability of places and operational consistency with bachelor-level funding. Students get the benefit of a unified and simpler system regarding their HELP obligations, with loans potentially flowing into their enrolment at higher AQF levels. The Commonwealth would benefit by running one program, not two, and exercise both policy and funding implementation controls. This would require the Commonwealth to step over old VET/ FEE-HELP shadows in opening up Tertiary AQF 5–6 [HE/VET] Student Loans to financing courses that they have not specifically and individually approved to be listed. Rather the Commonwealth would exercise control by setting policies on course requirements regarding ‘industry needs’ and ‘articulation’ and/or by conditional provider-fee limits. The latter could operate broadly at a sectoral or, more acutely, at a provider-specific level. Periodic adjustments in institution-specific loan caps could be performance linked, both to the positive and negative. Both HE and VET providers would be able to set a total course price to include any ‘student out of pockets’ (but likely capped overall to avoid risks of fee gouging). Separately, state and territory governments would continue to fund or subsidise VET AQF 5–6 levels for qualifications of their choice, or part-subsidise Tertiary AQF 5–6 [HE/VET] Student Loans. PROPOSAL 5: New arrangements will have joint oversight of both TEQSA and ASQA. Regulatory oversight would be strengthened. The regulators would operate a joint task force in course accreditation, any self- accreditation applications and ‘in the field’ quality compliance. This implies regulators would have shared data systems and some joint staff and training. Rectifications and sanctions would remain the province of either ASQA or TEQSA consistent with the specific VET/ HE qualification(s) in dispute and the provider’s (main) registration. PROPOSAL 6: Unify all HELP policy, associated systems and administration at AQF 5–6 levels. The current duality and costs of Commonwealth policy, systems and administration would be potentially simplified. Differences in any loan service fees would be eliminated. To test this proposal, an examination of net administration cost outlays/savings and modelling of new alternates would be made, with any savings reinvested into offset of student loans. Benefit/cost burdens for both provider institutions and any impacts especially on students would likewise need to be tested. PROPOSAL 7: Actively track the outcomes by way of subsequent student pathways either to work and/or into higher learning. In addition, track diversity and quality of course offerings. Qualifications being offered across the market would need to be monitored over time, those of high use or specialist need, detailing student pathways, employment and/or further education benefits. Clearly, the above proposal is dependent on the advice from the Australian Qualifications Framework Review, which might recommend specific changes/abolishing the distinction at these levels anyway. There is arguably a risk that, over time, implementing the above will erode the differences between VET and HE and make a bland blancmange of all AQF 5–6 levels. However, the unification of financing mechanisms of AQF 5–6 qualifications need not diminish the discrete purposes and differences between them (and this can be monitored). Indeed, diversity is the desired outcome. Consider the logic of the nation’s chief scientist and the benefits of the ‘T-shaped graduate’. The chief scientist accepted graduates need deep discipline knowledge, education, training and skills (depth of the vertical line in the T shape) as well as expansive enterprise or so-called ’softer’ skills (breadth of the horizontal line in the T shape). His strident warning was however of the balance between the two, and that enterprise skills (such as critical thinking, problem solving and emotional intelligence). are not somehow magical replacement for credible and assessed discipline knowledge and research skills (such as in STEM). This caution echoes the sentiment in the maxim ‘to break the rules you must first master them’. Mastery is just as relevant in education and inquiry as it is in applied knowledge and trades. As noted recently, 1 Aristotle’s analysis in 350 BC helpfully classified three types of knowledge: knowing why (knowledge, inquiry and research), knowing how (application, practice and craft) and knowing what to do (accumulated wisdom and experience gleaned from practice). Graduates and employees need a dose of all knowledge sources best relevant to their role. Subject to unflinching quality standards, Australia needs a tertiary education system based on a qualifications framework that is freed up to allow providers to cultivate in their own way blends of all three such knowledges. Under the proposed regime, institutions can then be left to decide their own stand-point of competitive excellence and major emphasis in delivering T-shaped graduates. Students likewise can pursue options as they may wish with equal access and facility. And the best thing about new ideas is that they can get knocked over by even better ideas – best friends to stride over old shadows.  ■ Dr Craig Fowler is an analyst and observer of national policies impacting tertiary education, science and innovation after decades of experience in private, public and university sectors. ‘Aristotle knew what worked’, Stephen Parker, The Australian: Higher Education, 12 December 2018 * Links to papers and further reading at campusreview.com.au 1 21