Campus Review Vol. 29 Issue 3 - March 2019 | Page 15

policy & reform campusreview.com.au How can she show her face in one space and hide it in another? I think it could create confusion and resentment. AN ISLAMIC PRACTICE? Breaking cover Should burqas be banned in university classrooms? By Loren Smith “W hy do you wear all black? Why are you even still alive? It isn’t fair to us.” While Australian universities grapple with isolated Islamophobic attacks, like the one quoted above, which was directed at two female Indonesian students in Canberra earlier this year, institutions elsewhere are dipping into religiously controversial waters. Germany’s Kiel University recently announced a ban on niqabs and burqas in classrooms, claiming they inhibit open communication by concealing facial expressions and gestures. Unlike the more common hijab and chador, the niqab and burqa partially or fully cover a wearer’s face. Types of Islamic headdress. “On campus, students may wear a burqa or niqab, which only has one eye- slit,” a university spokesperson clarified, confirming that the ban is confined to learning locales. Although Kiel is not the first German university to do so, it has waded into a political debate by imposing the ban. With far-right politicians praising the decision, and leftist ones condemning it, the move calls into question the role of universities as bastions of freedom. Greens politician Lasse Petersdotter said the ban may breach Germany’s constitution, which enshrines freedom of religion. Although Denmark, France, Belgium, the Netherlands, Bulgaria, Austria and other nations have instituted either full or partial public face-cover bans, by framing them as anti-face concealment (motorcycle helmets, for example, also fall under the ban) rather than anti-burqa, they circumvented such constitutional issues. Kiel University is located in the northern German state of Schleswig-Holstein, where Syrians, then Turks, constitute the largest ethnic minorities. Yet most Muslim women don’t wear a hijab, let alone a niqab or burqa. Despite that, there are common misconceptions that they do, and that the niqab and burqa in particular are strictly affiliated with Islam. They aren’t, informed Professor Samina Yasmeen. Yasmeen, the director and founder of the University of Western Australia’s Centre for Muslim States and Societies, said that the niqab and burqa are a “culturally specific way of dressing”. Because of this, she doesn’t think Kiel University’s decision could be classified as Islamophobic. In fact, she is sympathetic to their rationale. “I’ve had at least one student in my class, years ago, who would come in a niqab. As a teacher, I felt that ... it was hard to pick up her ideas,” she said. “I can understand why it would be banned within a university teaching environment.” Yet this doesn’t mean that she is completely comfortable with it either. “From the point of view of the [burqa or niqab] wearer ... she’s made a choice,” she said. “If you tell her she must remove it in class, from her point of view, it kills its purpose, because how can she show her face in one space and hide it in another? I think it could create confusion and resentment.” Personally, however, Yasmeen is anti‑niqab and burqa, whether in the classroom or elsewhere. “I cringe when I see them, even in Pakistan, where I’m from,” she said. Australia, including its universities, does not ban the public wearing of these garments. As recently as last year, politicians like Pauline Hanson have pushed for a burqa ban, to no avail.  ■ 13