Atanasoff-Berry Computer |
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Ada Lovelace
Considered first computer programmer
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John Atanasoff and Cliffor Berry built the ABC at Iowa State which found solutions to systems of linear equations. Considere first fully electronic digital computing device, but was not programmable or fully functional |
UNIVAC I
UNIVersal Automatic Computer I( UNIVAC I), designed principally by Eckert and Mauchly, is the first commercially successful computer
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Spacewar!
Spacewar! is the first computer game, written by Steve Russell( from MIT) and his small team for the PDP-1 computer
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Wilhelm Schickard’ s calculating machine |
Gottfried Leibniz’ s mechanical calculator |
Hollerith’ s Census Machines |
Herman Hollerith developed a machine for tabulating US census which used punched cards |
ENIAC
First general purpose, digital electronic computer
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Logic Theorist
The first artificial intelligence program written by Allen Newell, Herbert Simon and J. C. Shaw mimicked the problem solving skills of a human by proving math theorems The term artificial intelligence( AI) would be coined in 1956 at the Dartmouth summer research project on artificial intelligence
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ABACUS
Asian
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Babbage’ s Engines
Charles Babbage invents( but never completely builds) two machines
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Harvard Mark I
Howard Aiken design Mark I, the first operational generalpurpose electro chanical computer. Financed and built at IBM
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John Backus and IBM develop FORTRAN, the first successful high-level programming language and compiler Designed for scientific problems and still widely used today |
Turing Machine |
Transistor |
Integrated Circuit |
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Jacquard Loom
Joseph Jacquard invents loom that is“ programmed” using punched cards Machines replacing humans gives rise to fears: During the Industrial Revolution, Luddites broke into factories and mill and destroyed as many machines as possible
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Alan Turing, considered the father o computer science, described a theo ritical device called the Turing machine or“ a-machine”. Formalized the concepts of computation and algorithms |
Bell Labs develops the transistor( right), an electronic switch made with a small piece of silicon withadded impurities It’ s smaller, uses less power, more reliable, and cheaper to produce than vacuum tubes( left) |
Integrated circuits( chips) independently co-invented by Jack Kilby of Texas Instruments and Robert Noyce of Fairchild Semiconductor Transistors, and other electronic components all fabricated on single chip of silicon |
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Moore’ s Law |
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Gordon Moore, a cofounder of Intel, predicts that the number of transistors which can be placed on a single chip will double every year. The prediction was later modified to every 2 years, but it has held steady and was dubbed“ Moore’ s Law” around 1970 |