By the roads of Mykolaivshchyna By the roads of Mykolaivshchyna | Page 35

cordons in order not to let people get
outside the boundaries of affected areas.
It the autumn of 1830, so called cholera
riots outburst in Russia: people were
attacking police stations, hospitals,
governmental buildings. In November
1830, the citizens of Tambov attacked
their governor, but they were soon
suppressed by the regular army. In June
1831, there was a riot in St. Petersburg,
which was dispersed by the army,
reinforced with artillery. The navy went
out of control in Sevastopol. The country
was hit by an economic crisis. It was then
when the uprising against the Russian
Empire started in Warsaw in November
1830. The army under the commandment
of field marshal I. Dibich that moved into

Warsaw to suppress the uprising brought
cholera to Poland. Soon, great prince
Constantine, the brother of the Russian
tsar and his governor in Poland, as well as
I. Dibich got infected and died.
In June, 1831, the pandemics of
cholera also started in Transcarpathia,
which was incorporated in AustriaHungary. The disease spread there from
India via Russia and Poland. Some Polish
noblemen, who moved here after the
suppression of the November uprising,
took park in local riots. In the summer
of 1831, J.Dembowski, a participant of
the Polish liberation movement, stayed at
the estate of count Barkotsi, not far from
Uzhgorod.
The situation in Transcarpathia was
unfolding similar to that in Russian,
where cholera riots burst out. The
Verchovyntsi, who also suffered from
famine, were mostly affected. Means of
disinfection were perceived by them as
“poison for peasants”. In some villages,
healthy people were obliged to dig graves
and prepare coffins for themselves, which
added more oil to the fire. On the whole,
about 56,000 persons died from cholera
and starvation in four Transcarpathia
regions within three months.

Stilsko settlement

A tombstone from the cholera cemetery

The medieval settlement of the
White Croats was located along the
outskirts of the villages of Stilsko
and Dubrova (Mykolaiv Rayon, Lviv
Oblast). The time of its heyday dates
approximately to the 9th–10th centuries.
As a result of military actions, the
settlement went into decay.

33