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(TCO 1) There are several approaches that may be used to develop the budget. Managers typically prefer an approach known as participative budgeting. Discuss this form of budgeting and identify its advantages and disadvantages. (TCO 2) There are a variety of forecasting techniques that a company may use. Identify and discuss the three main quantitative approaches used for time series forecasting models. (TCO 2) The Federal Election Commission maintains data showing the voting age population, the number of registered voters, and the turnout for federal elections. The following table shows the national voter turnout as a percentage of the voting age population from 1972 to 1996 (The Wall Street Journal Almanac; 1998): (TCO 3) Use the table “Food and Beverage Sales for Paul’s Pizzeria” to answer the questions below. (TCO 6) Jackson Company is considering two capital investment proposals. Estimates regarding each project are provided below: (TCO 6) Top Growth Farms, a farming cooperative, is considering purchasing a tractor for $468,000. The machine has a 10-year life and an estimated salvage value of $32,000. Top Growth uses straight-line depreciation. Top Growth estimates that the annual cash flow will be $78,000. The required rate of return is 9%. Part (a) Calculate the payback period. Part (b) Calculate the net present value. Part (c) Calculate the accounting rate of return