Bulk Distributor May/Jun 2020 May/June 2020 | Page 8

8 BULKDISTRIBUTOR Components Sanitiser and grounding – May/June 2020 beware of sparks The metal cages containing the plastic IBC should be grounded (as it appears to be here) As many companies reconfigure production lines to produce hand sanitisers, consideration needs to be given to incendive electrostatic discharges, says Mike O’Brien, managing director of Newson Gale EFFICIENT.RELIABLE. APPROVED. SPARES AND ANCILLARIES Fort Vale will always supply OEM seals and gaskets Fort Vale can supply a special range of manways, relief valves, vents and discharge valves with hygienic connections and features for the process, storage and transportation of food and beverages. Fort Vale manufacture and supply products compliant to EN1935:2004 and have a range of FDA approved seals to support this requirement. For more information contact our Sales team on +441282 687120 or visit www.fortvale.com FORT VALE. FOLLOW THE LEADER. Manlid Assemblies Relief Valves Footvalves Airline Valves We supply a huge range of ancillary items to complement our hygienic valves such as gauzes, caps and gauges, as well as consumable parts such as gaskets, fasteners and burst discs, available worldwide. Many companies are reconfiguring production lines, or starting up new ones, to increase the supply of hand sanitiser in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. However, industry groups like the Solvents Industry Association are concerned with reports of inappropriate packaging of solvents and an incident of a static discharge igniting vapours present on an operator’s hand after the application of hand sanitiser. This note outlines what approaches can be taken in terms of managing the risk of solvents (including alcohols) being ignited by uncontrolled discharges of electrostatic sparks. The importance of grounding people Managers of facilities where operators have exposure to potentially flammable or combustible atmospheres need to ensure the operators are grounded. This is because people isolated from a ground source (eg, flooring capable of dissipating static charge to earth) can accumulate large electrical potentials (voltages) beyond 20,000 volts without even realising it until they discharge a spark. In addition, if operators are regularly applying hand sanitisers, either inside or outside a designated hazardous area, it is important to ensure that they do not have the potential to accumulate electrostatic charge on their bodies. Ignition of vapours emanating from the hand can occur if the person approaches or touches a grounded object (eg, door handle, stair railing) resulting in a static spark discharge with enough energy to ignite the vapour. The most effective means of grounding personnel is to ensure that they are provided with safety footwear that meets the static dissipative criteria specified in standards like EN ISO 20345 or ASTM F2413-18. Testing all footwear prior to entry into the facility is recommended. Easy to use footwear testers can be installed at designated entry points to hazardous areas in the facility, (or to the overall facility if required). Such testers use a simple plate on which an individual stands, with their safety shoes on, and presses a button with their index finger to initiate the test. If the resistance threshold of the shoes is below the required level, as specified in EN ISO 20345 or ASTM F2413-18, the test will indicate a positive output with a green LED indicator which provides the operator with a ‘Good-to-Go’ message that he/she can enter the hazardous area. If the shoes fail the test the indicator will stay red and the tester’s buzzer alarm will activate. At this point the operator should not enter the hazardous area and should report the failed shoe test to the most relevant authority in the facility. An inter-lockable output contact can be specified to control the door entry system and prevent access to the hazardous area. Containers In relation to the use of containers, particularly IBCs, they should, ideally, be of an all metal construction so that when they are grounded, electrostatic charge cannot accumulate on the surface of the container. If the supply or use of fully metal IBCs is not possible, then the metal cages that contain the plastic container should be grounded. Splash filling should be avoided as this increases the rate of charge generation. If electrostatic charge is permitted to accumulate the voltage of the IBC will rise very rapidly and result in this energy being discharged in the form of an electrostatic spark onto a grounded object like an operator. If the spark energy is sufficiently high it will ignite the surrounding vapours with little effort. A discharge at 20,000 volts would be up to 60 mJ of energy via the static spark. Best practice information It is not possible here to discuss every potential process involving the use of solvents. However, a more comprehensive summary of the various processes at risk of static discharges in solvent processing and handling operations can be viewed on the European Solvents Industry Group website. www.esig.org/solvents-and-static-electricity