BOOM September Issue | Page 23

ARTICLE Future of Nuclear South Asia S outh Asia is the most volatile and unpredictable security complex. There are several states in it and all of them have a different pattern of relation among themselves. India is enjoying dominance and all other states, except Pakistan are designing their policies somewhat according to wishes of India. Pakistan is a challenger to India and both countries have fought several wars.With the addition of nuclear dimension in South Asia the matters have become more complex. No doubt nuclearization has stopped war between India and Pakistan, but it has changed the pattern of war as well. Now there is Fourth Generation war and Indian National Security Advisor Ajit Davol has openly admitted it in one of his public speech. In this situation several questions arises: Is there any possibility of turning these subconventional attacks into a war which has been prevented since 1971 because of nuclear weapons? If a war breaks out, will it be limited just like Kargil Conflict or it will turn into a full-scale war? What is the possibility of nuclear exchange between India and Pakistan in case of a war?South Asia is badly affected by the curse of terrorism. Along with terrorism, religious extremism is increasing further. Both Pakistan and India are badly suffering from it. There are several anti-India groups in Pakistan and anti-Pakistan groups in India. They are operating in their own procedure; some incidents have increased the temperature of the region. Its prominent example is Mumbai attack in which India accused a Pakistani religious group Lahker-E-Taiba as a responsible for that and threatened Pakistan to attack it. International community intervened and kept India away from attacking Pakistan.If some such attack takes place in future, there is a strong possibility of a war which will be out of control and will have disastrous consequences. What is probability of nuclear exchange? Pakistan believes in minimum credible deterrence but according to Bruce Ridel during Kargil crisis there were “disturbing evidence that the Pakistanis were preparing their nuclear arsenals for possible deployment”. India explains in its doctrine that it does not believe in a “first strike” doctrine but