B UILDING & M ANAGEMENT
V OLUME 3 I SSUE 2 M AY - A UGUST 2019
D ECLARATION OF PERFORMANCE (DOP) AND CE MARKING OF CEMENT MORTARS MADE WITH RECYCLED STEEL WASTE
I. S ANTAMARÍA -V ICARIO , S. G UTIÉRREZ -G ONZÁLEZ , V. C ALDERÓN -C ARPINTERO AND A. R ODRÍGUEZ -S AIZ (2019). B UILDING & M ANAGEMENT , 3(2): 06-15
Research have been underway for some time to transform
industrial waste slags into raw materials as an alternative to
conventional natural resources used in the manufacture of
construction products; giving priority to recycling and other
forms of reuse; instead of dumping them with no defined
usage; in accordance with European Directives 2008/98/EC
of the European Parliament and of the Council [4]; and the
Programa Estatal de Prevención de Residuos (State Program
for Waste Prevention) 2014-2020 [5] and the Plan Estatal
Marco de Gestión de Residuos (State Waste Management
Framework Plan) (PEMAR) 2016-2022 [6]. Electric arc furnace slags (EAFS) have been used as substitutes
for conventional aggregates with good results in the
manufacture of concretes due to their properties [17]. In other
investigations; the joint use of EAFS and LFS has been studied
in the formation of granulometries employed in concretes;
yielding varied results [18].
Some investigations have demonstrated the hydraulic capacity
of ladle furnace slags (LFS) [13]; estimating substitutions in the
order of 20-30% cement used in the dosages of mortars and
concretes [14; 15]. The existence in their composition of
anhydride calcium silicates justifies their reuse as a raw
material in the manufacture of cements [16]. 5. B ACKGROUND
With regard to masonry mortars; previous investigations have
designed granulometries using EAFS as a thick component and
LFS as filler; producing workable mixes and showing a
reliable mechanical performance [7-9].
The mortars for inclusion in the technical data sheet for CE
marking have been characterized in previous studies [7-9].
However; additional tests have to be completed that are
described in the Experimental section; in order to finalize the
data sheet which is shown in Fig. 1.
Rendering and plastering mortar
Masonry mortar
University of Burgos
University of Burgos
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EN 998-2 (2016)
EN 998-1 (2016)
Dry bulk density of hardened mortar EN 1015-10 Masonry mortar designed for ordinary usage (G) in
exterior load-bearing constructions
Workable life of fresh mortar
EN 1015-9
Compressive strength at 28 days
Adhesive strength EN 1015-11
EN 1015-12 Water-soluble chloride content
Air content
EN 1015-17
EN 1015-7
Water absorption by capillarity
Water vapour permeability (µ) EN 1015-18
EN 1015-19 Compressive strength at 28 days
Initial shear strength
EN 1015-11
EN 1052-3
Thermal conductivity
Reaction to fire EN 1745
EN 13501-1 Water absorption by capillarity
Water vapour permeability (µ)
EN 1015-18
EN 1015-19
Workable life of fresh mortar
Air content EN 1015-9
EN 1015-7 Dry bulk density of hardened
mortar
Thermal conductivity
EN 1015-10
EN 1745
Ordinary rendering mortar for exterior usage (GP)
Freeze/thaw durability
Freeze/thaw durability
Maximum aggregate size
Reaction to fire
EN 13501-1
Figure 1. Declaration of performance for CE marking. Left: Rendering and plastering mortar. Right: Masonry mortar
A Portland cement CEM I 42,5 R; with a density of 3150 kg/
m 3 is used for the preparation of these mortars. This cement
has its own CE Marking; in compliance with the obligation for
raw material controls contained in the Spanish regulation
Instrucción para la recepción de cementos RC-16 (Instruction
for the reception of cements RC-16) [19].
The aggregate in use has a Maximum Aggregate Size (MAS)
of less than 2.00 mm; and it presents a uniform particle size
distribution; as indicated in Fig 2. It consists of EAFS and LFS;
in accordance with the following criteria:
Sieve sizes between 0.063 mm and 2.00 mm: EAFS; with a
density of 3645 kg/m 3 ; principally consisting of Fe 2 O 3 ;
CaO; SiO 2 ; and Al 2 O 3 .
This type of cement has been used because it is basically
composed of Portland Cement Clinker (≥95%). This avoids
possible unwanted reactions between the steelmaking slags
and the active and inert additions of the cement.
The fine components; with a sieve size lower than 0.063
mm or aggregate filler: LFS; with a density of 2860 kg/
m 3 ; consisting of SiO 2 ; CaO; MgO and Al 2 O 3 .
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