What is the function of chloroplast ? Include functions of stroma and grana .
Explain the function of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum and rough endoplasmic reticulum . How are their functions similar to the nucleus ’? How are they different ?
Provide three unique chemical or physical properties of water . How are these properties useful to water movement in plant cells ?
Discuss similarities and differences between bulk flow and diffusion . What are driving forces behind each process ?
Describe Fick ’ s law . How might this law be applied to osmosis ? Explain how osmosis is a special case of diffusion .
What role does solute concentration play in osmosis ? How does water ’ s chemical potential influence osmosis ? What role do water properties play in diffusion ?
Distinguish between osmotic pressure and potential . What organelle is related to osmotic potential ?
What role do aquaporins play in cell membrane permeability ? What controls the gating of aquaporins ?
===============================================