Baylor University Medical Center Proceedings April 2014, Volume 27, Number 2 | Page 13

Table 5. Odds ratio of screening positive for MRSA colonization and of death for patients with health care–associated MRSA infection Category Variable Odds ratio 95% CI 12. 13. P value Screening positive for MRSA colonization Surgery No (referent) Sex Male (referent) Female Race 0.53 (0.45, 0.62) <.0001 1.02 Yes Age (1.02, 1.03) <.0001 — 0.77 White (referent) 1.41 0.0003 (1.21, 1.64) 0.0312 15. — African American (0.67, 0.89) 14. Hispanic 0.70 (0.53, 0.92) 0.0003 Asian 1.50 (0.81, 2.76) 0.2783 Other 1.31 (0.79, 2.17) 16. 0.5250 17. Death for patients with health care–associated MRSA infection 3.27 (2.40, 4.46) <.0001 3.12 Before 5.06 (3.12, 8.21) <.0001 4.84 (2.51, 9.32) <.0001 MRSA indicates methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. April 2014 18. (2.12, 4.60) <.0001 After Surgical patients Before After All patients 19. in the United States: a 10-year trend of replacement and expansion. Microb Drug Resist 2011;17(2):321–328. Stenehjem E, Rimland D. MRSA nasal colonization burden and risk of MRSA infection. Am J Infect Control 2013;41(5):405–410. Klevens RM, Morrison MA, Nadle J, Petit S, Gershman K, Ray S, Harrison LH, Lynfield R, Dumyati G, Townes JM, Craig AS, Zell ER, Fosheim GE, McDougal LK, Carey RB, Fridkin SK; Active Bacterial Core surveillance (ABCs) MRSA Investigators. Invasive methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infections in the United States. JAMA 2007;298(15):1763– 1771. Graffunder EM, Venezia RA. Risk factors associated with nosocomial methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection including previous use of antimicrobials. J Antimicrob Chemother 2002;49(6):999–1005. Gammon J, Morgan-Samuel H, Gould D. A review of the evidence for suboptimal compliance of healthcare practitioners to standard/universal infection control precautions. J Clin Nurs 2008;17(2):157–167. Walsh EE, Greene L, Kirshner R. Sustained reduction in methicillinresistant Staphylococcus aureus wound infections after cardiothoracic surgery. Arch Intern Med 2011;171(1):68–73. Thomas S, Cantrill S, Waghorn DJ, McIntyre A. The role of screening and antibiotic prophylaxis in the prevention of percutaneous gastrostomy site infection caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2007;25(5):593–597. Datta R, Platt R, Yokoe DS, Huang SS. Environmental cleaning intervention and risk of acquiring multidrug-resistant organisms from prior room occupants. Arch Intern Med 2011;171(6):491–494. Camus C, Bellissant E, Legras A