Banker S.A. April 2014 | Page 61

SA BANKING NEWS of policy and whether there is a level playing field between bank debt and bonds. • Project-specific credit support. The degree of credit support for infrastructure projects varies substantially by market. Not all markets have a certain class of investors seeking highly rated infrastructure debt. For many markets, project credit enhancement is not relevant. In these markets, a significant amount of infrastructure is either built by government directly or funded by state-owned banks. Where infrastructure is privately financed, it is usually done so through corporate guaranteed loans or bonds. These four areas represent clear priorities for governments looking to establish a private infrastructure project bond market in order to get infrastructure ventures financed. With these four prerequisites in mind, the PwC study analyses the current conditions in markets around the world to determine the feasibility and attractiveness of financing infrastructure projects. The study shows that African countries need to look at alternative forms of financing infrastructure. Across most of the continent reforms have been focused on getting sovereign funds issued, usually to finance infrastructure development. PwC maintains that it is important for African issuers to appeal to investors by focusing on the “basics” of increasing transparency in the financial markets and co-ordinating more effectively across borders. According to the report, commonly needed reforms include deregulation, a lifting of capital controls, and stronger governance and disclosure. ‘Given the regulatory pressure on banks, it is difficult to see them continue financing at pre-global financial crisis volumes or terms should investment levels recover. This gap will need to be filled by capital market products – directly or indirectly – continuing the recent evolution of the project finance market. ‘It is evident that infrastructure bonds hold clear appeal for institutional investors, project sponsors, and governments seeking to get projects funded,’ concludes Gibbs. Rivalry in retail banking The retail banking industry in South Africa is a highly competitive market. The depressed credit market coming out of the financial crisis of 2009 has resulted, according to KPMG South Africa, in local banks ‘embarking on a more focused undertaking to increase revenue. This is either through increased growth into the “high-risk, high-return” market of unsecured lending, or supplementing the low growth in interest income with other fee income’. The unsecured lending market, KPMG said in a statement in January 2014, has been shrouded with allegations of reckless lending practices that are non-compliant with the National Credit Act (NCA). ‘Not surprisingly, the major banks are moving away from this market. Amendments to the NCA are expected to further curtail growth as fixed-cost structures and credit amnesty are introduced. ‘Banks are striving to grow customer volumes and to generate feeincome through services (card fees, administration fees, transaction fees). One of the big four local banks is one case in point – through a digital media strategy, including social network marketing or above the line marketing. The bank is clearly on an aggressive customer campaign. On the other hand, another local bank has taken a different approach with the recent introduction of a new bank loyalty programme, offering attractive incentives to clients. ‘These two banks have identified that customers are no longer only focused on traditional banking products, but on the value-add that they receive hassle-free.’ The flow of customers from one bank to another is also dependent on the ease with which a customer can open a new account or switch an existing account. The banking industry in the UK recently launched new switching rules aimed at making their retail banking sector more competitive by allowing customers to switch more easily between banks. The latest rules aim to cut the transfer time from up to a month, down to seven days, and oblige the bank to oversee all incoming and outgoing payments. Ahead of the launch, UK banks have started to roll out new incentives to woo customers. This trend will increase focus on the affordability and competitive nature of banking fees in South Africa. ‘While the country has a mature financial services industry, the relative monopoly that the four big local banks operate has not allowed or made it viable for foreign branches to open retail banking operations on our shores,’ KPMG stated. ‘While some of the smaller local banks have started to eat into the customer base of these four, based on simple bankingfee structures catering to the lower end of the market, banking fees are still considered relatively high compared to those in developed markets. Time will tell whether or not the banks will start a price war to gain clients. Although with the value-add that banks are marketing to customers, banking costs may still remain low on the customers’ radar.’ Edition 9 banking news.indd 59 BANKER SA 59 2014/04/07 9:02 AM