BAMOS Vol 33 No.3 September 2020 | Page 15

BAMOS Sep 2020
15
Figure 6 . Time series of low pass filtered (> 36 hour ) water levels from coastal stations in Western Australia associated with the passage of tropical low 14U in January 2017 . The locations and the track of 14U are shown on Figure 2 . The vertical arrows indicate peaks in water level . was recorded at Port Hedland . The propagation speed of the CSW between Port Hedland and Onslow was 6.27 ms -1 , close to the propagation speed of 6.6 ms -1 for 14U indicating that resonance conditions may have occurred . This also highlights that the magnitude of the CSW is dependent more on the propagation speed and path of the storm system rather than the intensity ( see also Eliot and Pattiaratchi 2010 ).
This article has highlighted resonance phenomena between the atmosphere and the ocean that result in extraordinary response in the coastal ocean . If the propagation speeds of the atmospheric systems correspond to water depths on the continental shelf , extreme water levels can result due to meteotsunamis or continental shelf waves . The diurnal‐inertial response results in deeper penetration of wind action through the water column at critical latitudes .
Acknowledgements
Sea level data were obtained from Department of Transport , WA ( Onslow , Exmouth , Carnarvon , Jurien Bay and Fremantle ); Pilbara Port Authority ( Port Hedland ) and Bureau of Meteorology ( Broome , Hillary ’ s Boat Harbour ). Mooring data ( TR50 ) were collected through the Integrated Marine Observation System ( IMOS ), a national collaborative research infrastructure enabled by the National Collaborative Research Infrastructure Strategy ( NCRIS ).
References
Ekman , V . W ., 1905 . On the influence of the earth ' s rotation on ocean currents , Arkiv for Matematik Astronomi och Fysik , 2 , 1 – 52 .
Eliot , M . J . and Pattiaratchi , C . B ., 2010 . Remote forcing of water levels by tropical cyclones in south‐west Australia , Continental Shelf Research , 30 ( 14 ), 1549 – 1561 .
Fandry C ., Leslie , L . and Steedman , R ., 1984 . Kelvin‐Type Coastal Surges Generated by Tropical Cyclones , Journal of Physical Oceanography , 14 , 582 – 593 .
Huyer , A ., 1990 . 9A : Shelf circulation . In : B Le Méhauté and DM Hanes ( eds ), The Sea : ocean engineering science , 423 – 466 , Wiley Interscience , NY .
Kim , S . Y . and Crawford , G ., 2014 . Resonant ocean current responses driven by coastal winds near the critical latitude , Geophysical Research Letters , 41 , 5581 – 5587 , doi : 10.1002 / 2014GL060402 .
Kunze , E ., 1985 . Near‐inertial wave propagation in geostrophic shear , Journal of Physical Oceanography , 15 , 544 – 565 .
Lerczak , J . A ., Hendershott , M . C . and Winant , C . D ., 2001 . Observations and modeling of coastal internal waves driven by a diurnal sea breeze , Journal of Geophysical Research , 106 , 19 , 715 – 19 , 729 .
Mihanović , H ., Pattiaratchi , C . B . and Verspecht , F ., 2016 . Diurnal sea breezes force near‐inertial waves along Rottnest continental shelf , southwestern Australia , Journal of Physical Oceanography , 46 , 3487 – 3508 .
Monserrat , S ., Vilibić , I . and Rabinovich , A . B ., 2006 . Meteotsunamis : atmospherically induced destructive ocean waves in the tsunami frequency band , Natural Hazards and Earth Systems Sciences , 6 , 1035 – 1051 .
Pattiaratchi , C . B ., and Wijeratne , E . M . S ., 2015 . Are meteotsunamis an underrated hazard ?, Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A , 373 ( 2053 ), doi : 10.1098 / rsta . 2014.0377 .
Pattiaratchi , C . B ., Wijeratne , E . M . S . and Salehi , A ., 2015 . Developing better predictions for extreme water levels : meteotsunamis in Australia . Report prepared for the Bushfire and Natural Hazards Cooperative Research Centre . School of Civil , Environmental and Mining Engineering , the University of Western Australia .
Pattiaratchi , C . B . and Wijeratne , E . M . S ., 2014 . Observations of meteorological tsunamis along the south‐west Australian coast . Natural Hazards , 74 , 281 – 303 .
Proudman , J ., 1929 . The effects on the sea of changes in atmospheric pressure , Geophysical Supplement to the Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society , 2 , 197 – 209 .
Simpson , J . H ., Hyder , P . and Rippeth , T . P ., 2002 . Forced oscillations near the critical latitude for diurnal‐inertial resonance , Journal of Physical Oceanography , 32 , 177 – 187 .
Thotagamuwage , D . T . and Pattiaratchi , C . B ., 2014 . Observations of infragravity period oscillations in a small marina . Ocean Engineering , 88 , 435 – 445 .
Williams , D . A ., Horsburgh , K . J ., Schultz , D . M . and Hughes , C . W ., 2020 . Proudman resonance with tides , bathymetry and variable atmospheric forcings . Natural Hazards , https :// doi . org / 10.1007 / s11069-020-03896-y .
Zhang , L . and Oey , L ., 2019 . An observational analysis of ocean surface waves in tropical cyclones in the western North Pacific Ocean . Journal of Geophysical Research : Oceans , 124 , 184 – 195 .