KONGRE BİLDİRİLERİ
ve yorumu, T.C. Başbakanlık Devlet Arşivleri ile Kosova Devlet arşivleri tarafından hazırlanmış
olan orijinal belegelerin tercümesi, yorumu analizi böylece ilk defa bu sunumda yayınlanacaktır. Bu
sunumda sunulan arşiv malzemesinin tamamı, görsel ve kartografik belgeler, fotoğraflar, ve Kosova
genelinde mimari tasarım krokilerini içermektedir.
Anahtar kelimeler: Mimari, Hükümet Konağı, 19.y.y. Osmanlı İmperatorluğu, Kosova Vilayeti,
Tanzimat, Batılılaşma.
1. THE EMERGENCE OF WESTERN CONCEPTS IN THE OF OTTOMAN EMPIRE
Architecture and urbanism in the territory of the Ottoman Empire changed its shape and construction
method, after the introduction of Tanzimat Reforms at 1839th. Reforms are being implemented in all
aspects of life, in the in administration and governance, military, education and culture. Implementation
of the reform has been implemented through division of the territory into smaller provinces known
as the “Vilayet”. An important reason for the modernization and Europeanization of architecture and
urbanism is decentralization of imperial administration by forming new administrative units/vilayets,
in sandjaks and nahija, now located in separate buildings, built specifically for public purposes.
„Vilajets“, has been divided the albanian territories into four units (four albanian vilayets). Destinedlevel administrative division, leads to the requirement of construction of other public buildings, not
only for vilayet centers but also in Nahiye (units smaller than Vilayet).
The Western concept of Ottoman rule begins with the Tanzimat reforms era, with the aim of
modification of political, social and economic structure of the Ottoman Empire. As part of this process,
new governance arrangements has been appearing. To our working interest are as well appearance of
new styles of the design of Government Building, that starts to be constructed at 19 century onwards,
buildings that meet the needs of the new governance system. Many public buildings as well as in rural
areas (tasra)are constructed in the era of Tanzimat until the time of Republic. These government office
buildings are those which are aimed to demonstrate the power of the state in every part of the country,
and they have gained great importance. In this paper, the presentation of the government’s public
buildings in Kosovo, the government office for the province/vilayet known as „Hükümet Konağı“
headquarters at Nahiye “Belediye,” we try to show these building in the light of documents kept in
Turkish Govermental Archive .
1.1. City planning in the Ottoman Empire, the modernization
The Ottoman Empire at the beginning 1839., via Tanzimat Declaration was oriented toward
western reforms, where the city is the center of reforms. First efforts are focused on urban reforms, the
beginning of modernization, through introduction of western-style in the Ottoman Empire.
The Ottoman Empire, oriented toward the West, achieves economic and social changes as a result
of reforms, changing forms of trade and management of traditional trade centers that slowly begin to
be shaped into new modern urban centers. Urban mobility is reflected in the width of the streets, new
residential areas, social stratification in different areas.
Planning regulations, during these reforms were aimed at finding solutions to emerging issues.
During the Ottoman Empire, cities were for centuries the same type. Governmental city reforms,
oriented toward functionality and aesthetics started to be noticed, cities of reforms “bringing them in
order”.
Reputation for Westernization of Ottoman cities, belong to urban areas of 18th century such as
Vienna and Paris, with wide streets, alleys of trees along them with western style high-rise buildings.
Changes are shown as well via introduction of individual and public transport, reconstructions.
Entering into force of the laws and regulations under the influence of the west in the Ottoman
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Empire, the modern city planning in the old urban fabric, can be viewed as a liquidation ottoman
traditional urban character of the city.
1.2. The emergence of the concept of Western architecture in the territory of Vilayet Kosovo,
Shkoder, Bitola and Janine, late 19th and early 20 Century
Implementation of the reforms as well took place in “Vilayets”. Administrative division lead to
the requirement of construction of public buildings, not only by Vilayet centers but also as in Nahiyes
(smaller units than Vilayet). These buildings are still present in capital cities of four Albanian Vilayets:
Shkoder, Bitola/Manastir, Prishtina and Janina. They introduced and yet influenced the more simple
architecture with valuable elements of building construction, new building spirit at these territories.
Influences of western architecture is seen at different set of buildings in an urban center, beyond
residential areas, alongside streets with different architecture in large scale, higher buildings of multi
stories. These buildings have become prominent buildings in the cities of Kosova.
Figure 1. Administrative division by Albanian territories 1878th