Research firmer for 3 to 4 days at ambient temperatures . However , after 5 days shelf life there were no differences between treated and untreated fruit .
The effects of 1-MCP were even more short-lived when nectarines were stored 3 weeks or more , with apparent gains disappearing once the nectarines were transferred to 20 ° C . In this study the Fantasia nectarines developed severe chilling damage after 4 weeks at 0 ° C . Treatment with 1-MCP reduced pitting and some internal symptoms , but did not prevent them .
As previously noted , if fruit have already started to ripen this will also reduce the impact of 1-MCP . An example of the effect of harvest maturity is shown below . This shows that peaches that are harvested early are more likely to respond to treatment , whereas softening fruit showed little response .
Apricots
As with other stonefruit , the effect of 1-MCP on apricots varies considerably among different varieties . While some cultivars respond , others are relatively insensitive to 1-MCP . Although softening of stored fruit is reduced , ethylene production and respiration rates can be virtually unaffected by treatment . Moreover , one study found that 1-MCP increased internal browning from 3 % to 40 % of fruit 7 .
Apricots are treated with SmartFresh in Europe in order to extend marketable life . However , treatment protocols are specific to variety and need to be thoroughly tested before use .
Can we apply 1-MCP in Australia ?
In Australia , SmartFresh is registered for treatment of nectarines and plums . This season has seen increased use on plums , with fewer applications to nectarines . The recommended application is 0.5 μl . L-1 for 24 hours at 0 ° C . Increasing the dose doesn ’ t necessarily increase the effect ; once the ethylene receptors are saturated , any more just goes to waste .
In Australia , SmartFresh is registered for treatment of nectarines and plums . This season has seen increased use on plums , with fewer applications to nectarines .
One of the issues with SmartFresh is the relatively long treatment time needed . Californian researchers 8 have found a way to treat plums faster , by adding 1-MCP during forced air cooling . In this case 6 hours treatment with moving air proved just as effective as 24 hours in still air . Moreover , the SmartFresh treatment allowed plums to be stored at 10 ° C instead of 0 ° C , avoiding potential chilling injury and resulting in significant energy savings .
AgroFresh ( owners of SmartFresh ) have recently developed an “ InBox ” application system . Sachets containing SmartFresh are simply added during packing into lined cartons . Liquid 1-MCP dips are also on the horizon , along with other innovative delivery systems .
So why don ’ t we treat more fruit ? The answer probably lies in our strong emphasis on the domestic market . After all , why extend the storage life of one variety when others are coming onto the market ? However , as we shift focus to flattening fruit supply , longer transport distances and export markets , this situation may well change .
In Summary
• Treatment with 1-MCP can extend storage life and reduce chilling injury
• The effects of 1-MCP vary by cultivar , according to harvest maturity , and even between orchards
• 1-MCP works best on plums , but needs to be confirmed by variety
• Although the effects of 1-MCP on peaches and nectarines tend to be relatively transient , they may still be commercially significant in some circumstances
• 1-MCP is not currently registered on apricots . summerfruit . com . au April 2017 | Australian Stonefruit Grower 27
Research
firmer for 3 to 4 days at ambient
temperatures. However, after 5 days
shelf life there were no differences
between treated and untreated fruit.
The effects of 1-MCP were even
more short-lived when nectarines
were stored 3 weeks or more, with
In Australia, SmartFresh
is registered for treatment
of nectarines and plums.
This season has seen
increased use on plums,
with fewer applications
to nectarines.
One of the issues with SmartFresh
is the relatively long treatment time
needed. Californian researchers 8 have
found a way to treat plums faster,
by adding 1-MCP during forced air
cooling. In this case 6 hours treatment
with moving air proved just as effective
apparent gains disappearing once the as 24 hours in still air. Moreover, the
nectarines were transferred to 20°C. SmartFresh treatment allowed plums
In this study the Fantasia nectarines developed
to be stored at 10°C instead of 0°C, avoiding
severe chilling damage after 4 weeks at 0°C. Treatment potential chilling injury and resulting in significant energy
with 1-MCP reduced pitting and some internal symptoms, savings.
but did not prevent them.
As previously noted, if fruit have already started to ripen
AgroFresh (owners of SmartFresh) have recently
developed an “InBox” application syste ���M������)ѡ�́ݥ�����ͼ�ɕ�Ս��ѡ�������Ё���ĵ5
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