20 . Ribeiro JA , Dos Santos Pereira E , de Oliveira Raphaelli C , et al . Application of prebiotics in apple products and potential health benefits . J Food Sci Technol 2022 ; 59 ( 4 ): 1249-62 .
21 . Knekt P , Isotupa S , Rissanen H , et al . Quercetin intake and the incidence of cerebrovascular disease . Eur J Clin Nutr 2000 ; 54 ( 5 ): 415-7 .
22 . Koutsos A , Riccadonna S , Ulaszewska MM , et al . Two apples a day lower serum cholesterol and improve cardiometabolic biomarkers in mildly hypercholesterolemic adults : a randomized , controlled , crossover trial . Am J Clin Nutr 2020 ; 111 ( 2 ): 307-18 .
23 . Chai SC , Hooshmand S , Saadat RL , et al . Daily apple versus dried plum : impact on cardiovascular disease risk factors in postmenopausal women . Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics 2012 ; 112 ( 8 ): 1158-68 .
24 . Ravn-Haren G , Dragsted LO , Buch- Andersen T , et al . Intake of whole apples or clear apple juice has contrasting effects on plasma lipids in healthy volunteers . Eur J Nutr 2013 ; 52 ( 8 ): 1875-89 .
25 . Bondonno NP , Bondonno CP , Blekkenhorst LC , et al . Flavonoid-Rich Apple Improves Endothelial Function in Individuals at Risk for Cardiovascular Disease : A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial . Mol Nutr Food Res 2018 ; 62 ( 3 ).
26 . Kara M , Assouguem A , Kamaly OMA , et al . The Impact of Apple Variety and the Production Methods on the Antibacterial Activity of Vinegar Samples . Molecules 2021 ; 26 ( 18 ).
27 . Yagnik D , Ward M , Shah AJ . Antibacterial apple cider vinegar eradicates methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus and resistant Escherichia coli . Scientific reports 2021 ; 11 ( 1 ): 1854 .
28 . Yagnik D , Serafin V , A JS . Antimicrobial activity of apple cider vinegar against Escherichia coli , Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans ; downregulating cytokine and microbial protein expression . Scientific reports 2018 ; 8 ( 1 ): 1732 .
29 . Singh AS , Singh A , Vellapandian C , et al . GC- MS based metabolite profiling , antioxidant and antiurolithiatic properties of apple cider vinegar . Future science OA 2023 ; 9 ( 4 ): Fso855 .
30 . Gopal J , Anthonydhason V , Muthu M , et al . Authenticating apple cider vinegar ' s home remedy claims : antibacterial , antifungal , antiviral properties and cytotoxicity aspect . Natural product research 2019 ; 33 ( 6 ): 906- 10 .
31 . Mota AC , de Castro RD , de Araújo Oliveira J , et al . Antifungal Activity of Apple Cider Vinegar on Candida Species Involved in Denture Stomatitis . Journal of prosthodontics : official journal of the American College of Prosthodontists 2015 ; 24 ( 4 ): 296-302 .
JATMS | Winter 2023 | 85