RECENT RESEARCH stimulation , dry cupping , and massage therapy . An overall high risk ofbias was found across the majority of studies . Meta-analyses for treatment success and / or defecation frequency , including 20 RCTs , showed abdominal electrical stimulation ( n = 3 ), Cassia Fistulaemulsion ( n = 2 ), and a cow ’ s milkexclusion diet ( n = 2 in a subpopulation with constipation asa possible manifestation of cow ’ s milk allergy ) may be effec-tive . Evidence from RCTs not included in the metaanalyses , indicated that some prebiotic and fiber mixtures , Chineseherbal medicine ( Xiao ’ er Biantong granules ), and abdominalmassage are promising therapies . In contrast , studiesshowed no benefit for the use of probiotics , synbiotics , an increase in water intake , dry cupping , or additional biofeed-back or behavioral therapy . We found no RCTs on physical movement or acupuncture .
Conclusions : More well-designed high quality RCTs concerning nonpharmacologic treatments for children withfunctional constipation are needed before changes in current guidelines are indicated .
Yong RJ , Mullins PM , Bhattacharyya N .
Prevalence of chronic pain among adults in the United States . Pain , 2022 ; 163 ( 2 ): e328-e332 . doi : 10.1097 / j . pain . 0000000000002291 .
Chronic pain is associated with reduced quality of life , increased medical expenditures , and significant economic costs . Chronic pain is among the most common chronic conditions in the United States , although estimates vary widely regarding its precise prevalence . Understanding the scope of the problem using the most contemporaneous data is therefore an important goal . This study sought to determine the prevalence of chronic pain and its impacts among adults in the United States using the National Health Interview Survey , a householdbased annual survey of self-reported health status of U . S . adults that can be used to generate national-level estimates . Using a chronic pain module introduced in the 2019 edition of National Health Interview Survey , we found that 50.2 million adults ( 20.5 %) reported pain on most days or every day . The most common pain locations were back pain and hip , knee , or foot pain . The most commonly used management strategies for chronic pain were physical therapy and massage . Respondents with chronic pain reported limitations in daily functioning , including social activities and activities of daily living . Respondents with chronic pain reported significantly more workdays missed compared with those without chronic pain ( 10.3 vs 2.8 , P < 0.001 ). Overall , these findings indicate that more than 1 in 5 adults in America experiences chronic pain ; additional attention to managing the burden of this disease is warranted .
Nutrition
Ovchinnikov AN , Deryugina AV , Paoli A .
Royal Jelly plus Coenzyme Q10 Supplementation Enhances High-intensity Interval Exercise Performance via Alterations in Cardiac Autonomic Regulation and Blood Lactate Concentration in Runners . Frontiers in Nutrition . Sport and Exercise Nutrition . https :// www . frontiersin . org / articles / 10.3389 / fnut . 2022.893515 / abstract
Purpose : This study aimed to examine whether oral royal jelly ( RJ ) and coenzyme Q10 ( CoQ10 ) co-supplementation could improve high-intensity interval exercise ( HIIE ) performance in runners , reducing exercise-induced lactic acidosis and decreasing elevated sympathetic tone following exercise .
Methods : Thirty regional-level runners ( age : 19 ± 1 years ; height : 173 ± 2 cm ; body mass : 68.9 ± 2 kg ; body mass index : 23.1 ± 1 kg / m2 ) were randomly allocated to receive either 400 mg of RJ and 60 mg of CoQ10 ( RJQ ) or matching placebo ( PLA ) once daily for 10 days . Exercise performance expressed as time taken to complete HIIE was evaluated at baseline , and then reassessed at day 10 of intervention . HIIE protocol applied to the runners included 3 repetitions of 100 m distance at maximum possible speed interspersed with 45 s of recovery periods . Indices of heart rate variability and blood lactate concentration were also measured before and immediately after HIIE in each group .
Results : HIIE performance significantly improved in RJQ group ( p = 0.005 ) compared to PLA group . Blood lactate levels and sympathetic influence on the heart were significantly lower both before and after the HIIE in athletes who received RJQ ( p < 0.05 ) compared to PLA . Regression analysis showed that oral RJQ administration for 10 days was significantly associated with reductions in HIIE-induced increases in blood lactate concentration and enhanced cardiac parasympathetic modulation following exercise compared to PLA . Principal component analysis revealed that runners treated with RJQ are grouped by the first two principal components into a separate cluster compared to PLA . Correlation analysis demonstrated that the improvements in runners ’ HIIE performance were due in significant part to RJQ-induced reducing the increment in blood lactate levels in response to exercise in combination with a more rapid shift in autonomic activity toward increased parasympathetic control early at postexercise .
Conclusions : These findings suggest that RJQ supplementation for 10 days is potentially effective for enhancing HIIE performance and alleviating adverse effects of increased intramuscular acidity and prolonged sympathetic dominance following intense exercise .
Jittat N , Pongpirul K , Tepwituksakit B , Iammaleerat P , Heath J , Lungchukiet P , Taechakraichana N , Charukitpipat A .
Effects of Oral Multi-vitamin Multimineral Supplement Formulations on Laboratory Outcomes and Quality of Life : A Quasi-Experimental Study . Frontiers of Nutrition . Nutritional Epidemiology . https :// www . frontiersin . org / articles / 10.3389 / fnut . 2022.889910 / abstract
Background : Multi-vitamin multimineral ( MVMM ) products often come in several single-substance capsules from different manufacturers . Attempts to mix several vitamins and minerals into one MVMM product have been complicated and often involve legal concerns . This study aimed to comparatively investigate the changes in laboratory parameters and
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