to nature , play a role in supporting self-care via improving and maintaining physical and mental wellbeing , 46 mood , 47 pain , 47 cognition , 48 , 49 and decreasing risk of chronic disease . 50
This article highlights the concept of selfcare , brings attention to the factors and barriers to self-care , and introduces various vitamins , minerals , herbal medicines , and lifestyle medicines in supporting self-care .
Self-care
Self-care , sometimes referred to as self-help , 9 can be defined as caring for self when ill or taking positive actions in improving health , 9 healthpromoting practices , 51 and adopting behaviours to prevent illness . 9 There are several concepts within self-care , including self-care maintenance , 9 , 51 self-care monitoring , 9 , 51 and self-care management . 9 , 51 People who participate in self-care maintenance are committed to practising the necessary behaviours to maintain , sustain , and preserve their physical and emotional wellbeing . 51 Self-care monitoring entails the practice of self-observation for any alterations in signs and symptoms , commonly referred to as body awareness . 51
Self-care management is implemented by individuals to address signs and symptoms promptly as they arise and manifest . 51 Self-care monitoring and management are influenced by knowledge , attention , and expectations . 9 Self-care is generally perceived as a natural decision-making process that individuals undertake to maintain and preserve their health and address both short-term and long-term health conditions . 51 The process of making self-care decisions is intricate and in some cases complex . 51 The naturalistic decision-making process explains that individuals , in practical environments and in the “ real world ”, make decisions that hold significance and are recognisable to them . 51 This process sheds light on how individuals navigate decision-making amid complexity and acquire the essential skills to thrive in similar circumstances . 51 Naturalistic decision-making underscores the utilisation of personal values and previous experience in the decisionmaking process . 51 Experience is cultivated through situational awareness , which involves perceiving the situation and understanding the importance of a particular scenario . 51 Approaching self-care as a dynamic process , rather than a collection or compilation of individual actions or behaviours , is crucial . 3 It is essential to recognise that various determinants , both changeable and unchangeable , play a significant role in shaping one ’ s self-care practices . 3 Culturally tailored self-care enables individuals to engage in self-monitoring and management practices that align with their family dynamics , societal norms , and personal attributes . 5
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