ASH Clinical News July 2015_updated | Page 60

TRAINING and EDUCATION You Make the Call Each month in “You Make the Call,” we’ll pick a challenging clinical question submitted through the Consult-a-Colleague program and post the expert’s response. But, what would YOU do? We’ll also pose a submitted question and ask you to send your responses. See how your answer matches up to the experts in the next print issue. This month, Alice J. Cohen, MD, advises on the choice of anticoagulation in a patient who developed pulmonary embolism after knee surgery. Clinical Dilemma: A 28-year-old male patient underwent arthroscopic right knee surgery and received no anticoagulation after the knee surgery. He then developed deep-vein thrombosis in his right lower extremity approximately two weeks after the surgery. The orthopedic physician prescribed apixaban (10 mg taken orally), twice a day as an outpatient. After four doses, the patient developed left chest pain and was found to have bilateral moderate pulmonary embolism. The patient is now on intravenous heparin. Should this instance be considered anticoagulation failure? Do you have any treatment recommendations for this patient? Consult a Colleague Through ASH Consult a Colleague is a service for ASH members that helps facilitate the exchange of information between hematologists and their peers. ASH members can seek consultation on clinical cases from qualified experts in 11 categories: • Anemias • Hematopoietic cell transplantation • Hemoglobinopathies • Hemostasis/thrombosis • Lymphomas • Lymphoproliferative disorders Experts Make the Call • Leukemias Alice J. Cohen, MD Director, Division of Hematology/Oncology Training Program Director, Hematology/Oncology Director, Hemophilia and Thrombosis Treatment Center Newark Beth Israel Medical Center Newark, New Jersey • Myeloproliferative Disorders • Multiple myeloma & Waldenström macgroglobulinemia • Myelodysplastic Syndromes • Thrombocytopenias Assigned volunteers (“colleagues”) will respond to inquiries within two business days (either by email or phone). Unfortunately, as a chest computed tomography (CT) was not performed at baseline when the patient presented with deep-vein thrombosis, we do not know if the pulmonary embolism occurred after the initiation of apixaban treatment. I would say, if the patient has received at least two doses of apixaban, he should have been adequately anticoagulated. I would not want to label this as a case of anticoagulation failure because we did not have a baseline CT. However, as there are other options for anticoagulation available such as warfarin, I would recommend using an alternative anticoagulant in this patient. I would not select dabigatran in this instance because of the issues with renal clearance and no available creatinine clearance. Have a puzzling clinical dilemma? Submit a question, and read more about Consult-a-Colleague volunteers at hematology.org/Clinicians/Consult.aspx or scan the QR code. DISCLAIMER: ASH does not recommend or endorse any specific tests, physicians, products, procedures, or opinions, and disclaims any representation, warranty, or guaranty as to the same. Reliance on any information provided in this article is solely at your own risk. *If you have a request related to a hematologic disorder not listed here, please email your recommendation to ashconsult@ hematology.org so it can be considered for addition in the future. Next Month’s Clinical Dilemma: A 52-year-old man with low-risk acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) presenting with a white blood cell (WBC) count of 3,200 and a platelet count of 70,000 was started on all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA) 58 ASH Clinical News + arsenic trioxide. The patient experienced a rise in WBC count from 16,000 on day 12 to 25,000 on day 20 - despite starting dexamethasone on day 15. The patient experienced bilateral swelling in the lower extremities with no effusion. I am concerned about differentiation syndrome and the continued rise in WBC count, despite treatment with 10 mg dexamethasone delivered every 12 hours. Should ATRA be held until WBC count improves, or should the patient be started on idarubicin or another agent? How would you respond? Email us at [email protected]. July 2015