ASH Clinical News December 2014 | Page 89

FEATURE and should do better. Perhaps the most important way to start improving our system and lifting our lagging performance is through improving access to care. The United States certainly has some of the best physicians, hospitals, and health systems in the world. However, those valuable resources are not available to every American. In fact, too many people in this country do not have access to health care at all. Recent reforms are beginning to make inroads into this problem. Commonwealth Fund surveys have demonstrated that between October 2013 and April 2014, 9.5 million uninsured Americans gained health insurance, mostly because of provisions of the Affordable Care Act. You are one of the leading scholars on health-care policy and the presidency. Why was President Obama able to achieve what none of his predecessors could? I tackled this topic in my book (with co-author James Morone), Heart of Power: Health and Politics in the Oval Office, which recounts efforts by presidents from Franklin D. Roosevelt to George W. Bush to manage issues of health-care coverage and access. President Obama and his team benefited enormously from lessons learned from the few successes (such as the passage of Medicare and Medicaid during the presidency of Lyndon Johnson) and many failures (such as the Nixon, Carter, and Clinton national health plans) of his predecessors. If “right” means things that make the T:7” treatment cycles was 5. Sixty-three percent of patients in the study had a dose interruption of either drug due to adverse reactions. Thirty-seven percent of patients in the study had a dose reduction of either drug due to adverse reactions. The discontinuation rate due to treatment-related adverse reaction was 3%. Monitor patients for hematologic toxicities, especially neutropenia. Monitor complete blood counts weekly for the first 8 weeks and monthly thereafter. Patients may require dose interruption and/or modification [see Dosage and Administration (2.2)]. Tables 2, 3, and 4 summarize all treatment-emergent adverse reactions reported for the POMALYST + Low-dose Dex and POMALYST alone groups regardless of attribution of relatedness to pomalidomide. In the absence of a randomized comparator arm, it is often not possible to distinguish adverse events that are drug related and those that reflect the patient’s underlying disease. In the clinical trial of 219 patients who received POMALYST alonea (n=107) or POMALYST + Low-dose Dex (n=112), all patients had at least one treatment-emergent adverse reaction. Adverse reactions ≥10% in either arm, respectively, included: General disorders and administration site conditions: Fatigue and asthenia (55%, 63%), Pyrexia (19%, 30%), Edema peripheral (23%, 16%), Chills (9%, 11%), Pain (6%, 5%); Blood and lymphatic system disorders: Neutropenia (52%, 47%), Anemia (38%, 39%), Thrombocytopenia (25%, 23%), Leukopenia (11%, 18%), Lymphopenia (4%, 15%); Gastrointestinal disorders: Constipation (36%, 35%), Diarrhea (34%, 33%), Nausea (36%, 22%), Vomiting (14%, 13%); Infections and infestations: Pneumonia (23%, 29%), Upper respiratory tract infection (32%, 25%), Urinary tract infection (8%, 16%); Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders: Back pain (32%, 30%), Musculoskeletal chest pain (22%, 20%), Mu