Arts & International Affairs: Volume 2, Issue 1 | Page 40

material objects such as diaries can be witnesses: they were on location when something happened; they testify from own experience; they do so for future use; and they are social agents. None of the above devalues Margalit’s understanding of a moral witness. It shows, however, that extending our understanding of what it means to be a witness and decoupling it from co-presence and contemporaneity will enlarge “the scope of observational knowledge” (Margalit) and thus help better understand such highly complex and ambivalent forms of social interaction as independence wars. 39