Art Chowder May | June, Issue 27 | Page 36

P rogress in developing new dyes also grew quickly. Mauve itself ended up obsolete within less than two decades, with the introduction of new purple dyes. In its entry for “dye,” Webster’s Third International Dictionary (1981) has a several-page chart listing 795 synthetic dyes in U.S. production and a total of nine natural ones. The art and craft of natural dyeing did not altogether die out, however. In scattered pockets of the world small, independent groups of artisans continue to carry on regional traditions. Japan’s government proactively protects its artistic heritage by offering stipends to citizens it identifies as Living National Treasures. The 1981 National Geographic video production The Living Treasures of Japan featured Ayano Chiba (1889-1980), a petite, gnome- like woman who lived on her family farm growing hemp, weaving, and dyeing it with home grown indigo, all by hand. 36 ART CHOWDER MAGAZINE The familiar Rit ®  dyes are the ones nearly everyone knows from their use to dye fabrics in the washing machine. They are synthetic dyes enhanced with chemical agents to make them work with multiple kinds of fabrics, whereas natural dyes typically need individualized treatment for mordant, temperature, and pH.