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Arctic Yearbook 2015
in the governance of Arctic maritime activities, its work on the AMSA, and because of the support it
receives from stakeholders. We determined five categories of interests:
1. Climate & Environment: pollution (spills, ejections, discharges, noise, light, invasive species);
response; environmental protection; sustainable development; environmental hazards to and
from ships; climate change.
2. Economics: business development; cost-efficiency; trade; financial gains; economic utilization of
natural resources (petroleum, gas, minerals, fish); competitiveness; employment; income;
sustainability.
3. Safety, Security & Defence: search and rescue; safety of navigation; maritime security;
sustainability.
4. Health & Social: health; happiness; well-being; tensions and social problems; welfare.
5. Inuit-Specific Aspects: culture; language; traditional activities.
Safety, security & defence are grouped for our analysis because of the similarities in concerns within
the three topics. Based on a presentation given by Major Pascal Sévigny of the Canadian Department
of National Defence at the Warming of the North Conference4, they are viewed along a gradient rather
than as three distinct areas of interest.
From sources to structured data
Stakeholder segmentation
We identified seventy-eight stakeholders; to simplify the analysis we decided to combine sets of
stakeholders into stakeholder groups (SGs) (Table 1). The clusters were made according to four
criteria: a) departments or working groups within the same authority (e.g., the Arctic Council includes
its various working groups; and the Canadian Department of National Defence includes the Canadian
Rangers, Defence Research and Development Canada, the Joint Rescue Coordination Centres, Joint
Task Force North, and the National Search and Rescue Secretariat); b) characteristics; c) interests; and
d) a combination of points b and c.
For example, the banks and the insurance market have been clustered, as they both play similar roles
in determining whether a ship will be able to voyage in the Arctic. According to a stakeholder with
considerable experience on this topic, in order for a ship to be built, a finance agreement must be
established with a bank. Such agreements often require that the vessel has insurance, sometimes from
a particular company known to have high standards, and require that the vessel remain in compliance
with its insurance policy. As such, it was not seen as appropriate to include one and not the other, but
it was unnecessary to separate the two.
Afte ȁ