Arctic Yearbook 2015 | Page 198

198 Arctic Yearbook 2015 Returning to the question of what exactly is the international activity of parliamentary institutions (often called ‘parliamentary diplomacy’ (Stavridis 2002)), the answer does not seem to be entirely straightforward, partly as a result of the diversity of forms and goals of engagement (Šabič 2008). As far as forms of engagement go, we distinguish cooperation on the level of (1) houses of parliament operating in pleno, (2) the chairs or speakers of these bodies, (3) parliamentary committees, and (4) bilateral parliamentary groups (Florczak-Wątor & Czarny 2012: 52). Puzyna has offered a different typology, according to which six types of entities can &RF