AQHA Magazine July/August 2015 | Page 27

Respect the Speed ns By Merrie Elliott i g i r O e h t r e b m e m e R The most far-sighted of Australian horsemen could not have imagined the changes heralded by the arrival of the first four Quarter Horses to these shores in 1954. Although seven years were to elapse before the second shipment, the trickle of Quarter Horses into this country soon became a flood and the Australian horse industry was reshaped forever. Initially regarded with scepticism by many, but immediately taken to the hearts of others, these equine immigrants steadily gained acceptance in their new country through their athletic ability and unique disposition. Now, in the opening decades of the 21st century wherever horses gather for competition in this country there is every chance that a casual observer will find a pair of steadfast Quarter Horse eyes peering at him from a broad face topped by two small and busy ears. An astonishing number of Australians have developed their very lifestyle around this remarkable horse and newcomers are making his acquaintance at an increasing rate. Given these facts, as well as recognising the changing face of the Quarter Horse industry, it is timely to reflect on the historical development of this breed. When enquiries are made about the origins of the Quarter Horse, flawed answers are frequently given, creating confusion and misconception. It is vaguely realised that he was around during pioneer times in USA, that he pulled ploughs, took families to church, raced, was somehow involved with Thoroughbreds and was a cowpony. There is, however, a general lack of understanding about the various influences that came together to create the greatest all round ‘using’ horse that the world has ever seen. Melville H. Haskell was a racehorse man and breeder from Arizona. He was a key player in the formation of the American Quarter Horse Association in 1940, and was there when it was all happening. His concise and comprehensive explanation of the development of the Quarter Horse from 1607 when the English settled in Jamestown, Virginia until the formation of the AQHA in 1940 can hardly be improved upon. The following extract is taken from an article he wrote which appeared in the QUARTER HORSE BREEDER (edited and published by M.H. Lindeman 1959). First settlers found a land of dense forests along the eastern seaboard – impassable except on narrow footpaths. The horses they brought with them were used to help farm the clearings laboriously chopped out of the woods. Travel and transportation was on horseback and by pack horse. However, many of the plantation owners – particularly in Rhode Island, Maryland, Virginia and the Carolinas – brought with them the love of horse racing acquired in England. Since they had no place to run long races, they ‘matched’ their saddle ponies on the only tracks available – usually down the village streets at distances of a quarter mile or less. The first horses used for racing were the saddle ponies of the farmers and plantation owners, but as interest grew and competition became keen, the fastest mares were bred to the local champions (even as is done today), and the “Quarter of a mile Running Horse” began Lloyd Jinkens riding riding Hired Hand. A son of the Old Sorral, the to take shape. foundation sire of King Ranch Quarter Horses(Texas), Hired Hand was the the sire of Vaquero and Jackaroo, (pic below) the first Quarter Horses to come to our shores. Photo courtesy of “The King Ranch Quarter Horses” written by Robert Denhardt. The “Quarter Horse” – to use the abbreviation which has come to designate the heavily muscled sprinter – did not start out as a breed. He is the result of breeding speed to speed for many generations, and his conformation and ability are due to selection and mating designed to produce winners. His ancestors were horses that got the job done, no matter what their pedigree, so that we see combined the blood of the “Spanish” horses from the early settlements of the southeast, the “Galloway” from England and many other strains. Later on when English racers of “Thoroughbred” blood were brought over, they were used to increase the size and speed of the stocky native ponies. Most notable of the English horses of this period was Janus – not registered in the English Book, but said to be a grandson of the Godolphin Arabian, who did July• August 2015 • The Australian Quarter Horse Magazine Page 27