3 . Cubic parabola 4 . Clothoid or radial spiral 5 . Other transition curves 1.4.6.8 . Vertical curves 1.4.6.9 . Setting out of horizontal , vertical and inclined straight lines , planes and surfaces 1 . Basic idea 2 . Horizontal , vertical and inclined straight lines 3 . Horizontal , vertical and inclined planes 4 . Surfaces 1.4.6.10 . References 1.4
1.5 . INVESTIGATION OF DISPLACEMENTS AND DEFORMATIONS . LANDSLIDES 1.5.1 . Brief information on deformations and methods for their investigation
1.5.2 . DETERMINATION OF HORIZONTAL DISPLACEMENTS 1.5.2.1 . Trigonometric method . Geodetic networks 1.5.2.2 . Measurement processing . Stability . Displacements
1 . Measurement processing . Determination of point displacements 1.5.2.3 Polygonometric method 1.5.2.4 . Range method
1.5.3 . DETERMINATION OF VERTICAL DISPLACEMENTS
1.5.3.1 . Geometric levelling 1 . Principal ideas 2 . Initial ( basic ) benchmarks 3 . Control benchmarks 4 . Instruments and measurements 5 . Accuracy 6 . Processing of the levelling results
1.5.3.2 . Trigonometric levelling 1 . Characteristics and capabilities 2 . Signalization and measurement of zenith angles and distances
1.5.3.3 . Hydrostatic levelling 1 . Essence , hydrostatic levels and measurements 2 . Hydrostatic systems 3 . Advantages and disadvantages
1.5.4 . SIMULTANEOUS DETERMINATION OF THE HORIZONTAL AND VERTICAL
DISPLACEMENTS . OTHER SOLUTIONS 1.5.4.1 . Three-dimensional networks and methods 1.5.4.2 . Photogrammetric method . Scanning 1.5.4.3 . Satellite radar interferometry 1.5.4.4 . GNSS
1.5.5 . SEMI-GEODETIC METHODS FOR INVESTIGATION OF DEFORMATIONS 1.5.5.1 . Brief characteristics 1.5.5.2 . Measurement with plumbing 1 . General data 2 . Straight mechanical plumb line 3 . Reverse mechanical plumb line 4 . Modern straight and reverse plumb lines 5 . Optical plumb line 1.5.5.3 . Measurement of the inclination angle and its variation 1.5.5.4 . Displacement measurement
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