Apartment Trends Magazine May 2020 | Page 26

ECONOMY RYAN COHN, NEWMARK KNIGHT FRANK MULTIFAMILY IN THE ZONE: Finding CRE “Opportunity” in QOZ BY RYAN COHN QOZ. QOF. QOZBP. Most individuals who own or provide services for commercial real estate have heard these terms floating around, nevertheless how many of us truly understand the opportunity and are in a position to use it to our advantage? WHAT & WHY: QOZ & QOF The Qualified Opportunity Zone (QOZ) Program is a tax incentive program introduced as part of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 (“TCJA”), designed to encourage long-term private sector investments in low-income census tracts and adjacent census tracts designated as “Qualified Opportunity Zones,” or “QOZs.” In return for their investment, the program provides considerable tax benefits to “Qualified Opportunity Fund” (QOF) investors if utilized properly. A “Qualified Opportunity Fund” or “QOF” investment vehicle is a specially formed entity that must invest at least 90 percent of its assets in qualified businesses or real property located in Qualified Opportunity Zones. When the QOZ Program was introduced in 2017, it was estimated that U.S. households and corporations had approximately $6.1 trillion in unrealized capital gains. The QOF program is essentially intended to “unlock” a portion of this massive figure that otherwise would not be reinvested in the near future due to tax exposure. INVESTING IN A QUALIFIED OPPORTUNITY FUND Investment in a Qualified Opportunity Zone, if done properly, provides investors (individuals or entities) with capital gains a means of tax deferral, reduction or elimination, depending on how long the 24 | TRENDS MAY 2020 QOF investment is held. The motivations to invest in QOFs are very similar to the reasons one would consider investing in a 1031 Like Kind Exchange. In order to invest in a QOF, an investor must have capital gains from the sale of real property (or anything else causing gains from a federal income tax perspective) to an unrelated third party, and the investor must reinvest within 180 days of the transaction causing the gain. Investing in a QOF offers the following distinct advantages for a long-term investor: • Opportunity Zone investing requires much more preparation and foresight than a 1031 Exchange, including proper organizational structuring and adherence to regulations. It also requires filing actions on the part of the QOF itself (IRS Form 8996) as well as the individual investor (IRS Form 8949) with federal income tax returns. • Unlike a 1031 Exchange that requires an investor to reinvest the entire net proceeds of the transaction causing the gain, investing in a QOF only requires the reinvestment of the gains itself (in 180 days or less). The investor is essentially allowed to “cash out” or retain whatever proceeds from the previous transaction are not capital gains. • QOF investors are able to defer their taxes through December 31, 2026 or, based upon when they sell their investment, before such date; however, the real benefits www.aamdhq.org