Apartment Trends Magazine March 2019 | Page 41

Rental Housing Act, NAA anticipates interest in rent control policy to keep pace as housing affordability remains a priority concern across the nation. RESIDENT SCREENING Resident screening continues to be an issue of concern, as more states and localities consider legislation that restricts housing providers from evaluating the criminal and eviction records of applicants in the screening process. One of the most oppressive examples is Seattle’s Fair Chance Housing law which prevents property owners from evaluating applicants’ criminal history at all, except in very limited circumstances, such as sex offenses. Screening mandates interfere with owners and operators’ ability to protect their residents and staffs, and increase their risk for legal liability, either through tort or fair housing litigation. Last year, 51 bills related to criminal screening were introduced at the state level, while 14 bills related to eviction screening were considered. In 2019, there are already 15 resident screening bills in total being considered. Additionally, NAA anticipates a steady stream of action at the local level in particular, given the level of interest in 2018. SOURCE OF INCOME In a self-defeating effort to combat affordability challenges, federal, state and local policymakers are proposing legislation that would make “source of income” a protected class under fair housing laws. These proposals essentially make it illegal for a private owner to refuse to rent to a Section 8 voucher holder. When source of income legislation is considered, proponents ignore the significant challenges that apartment owners and operators face in participating in the Section 8 Housing Choice Voucher Program. The program is constrained by inefficiencies and duplicative requirements, which may be prohibitive or discourage owners and operators in the private market from participating. Last year, states considered 53 source of income bills, in addition to numerous localities. Of note, Washington state, Boulder and Denver, Co., and San Diego and several localities near Marin, Calif. adopted source of income protections in their fair housing laws. Given the number of laws enacted last year alone, NAA anticipates similar or increased growth in interest in 2019. Related to SOI, it’s worth noting that last year HUD released two studies that focused on a handful of cities across the country and suggested that many apartment owners refuse to take Section 8 vouchers. You should be aware that these studies may have an effect on interest in legislation locally. In 2018, HUD also engaged in landlord listening sessions all around the country to better understand owners’ concerns about the program that interfere with participation. Given the interest in this issue at all levels of government, NAA established a Section 8 Working Group, to come to a consensus on concerns and reform suggestions. NAA is vetting these suggestions through the association’s governance process and look forward to sharing our findings with all of you. EMOTIONAL SUPPORT ANIMALS There are now 30 states that criminalize misrepresenting oneself as requiring a service animal or misrepresenting a person’s pet as a service animal. Some of these state laws are applicable to the broader category of assistance animals (which would www.aamdhq.org include emotional support animals). Both approaches have been used to deter applicants or residents from requesting reasonable accommodations for animals under false pretenses. Also to curtail abuse, some of these laws create criminal penalties for providers who make documentation available for purchase under false pretenses and/or make the requirements at the state level more stringent to request a reasonable accommodation for an animal. It’s worth noting that 1/3 of the state laws now on the books were enacted in 2018. NAA anticipates similar interest in legislation in 2019. 14 bills have been introduced in state legislatures this year as of this writing. MARIJUANA Marijuana remained a hot issue in 2018. Three states voted favorably for the legalization of marijuana, either medically or recreationally on the November 2018 ballot. Michigan voted to legalize recreational marijuana, while Utah and Missouri voted to legalize marijuana for medical purposes. These laws have consequences for apartment owners as housing providers develop and revise their policies relating marijuana use by residents and employees on community property. Laws that allow home cultivation for medical marijuana users are a point of contention. These laws also create challenges for apartment owners and operators that participate in HUD programs or receive federal funding as marijuana remains illegal at the federal level. NAA continues to monitor this issue because it could be an issue of concern this year. Regardless, it is highly likely that more states will consider marijuana ballot measures in the 2020 election cycle. Your Government Affairs team is monitoring and taking action on a high volume of bills at the state level, assisting on several proposals at the federal level and working with our local lobbying team on handfuls of local government issues. For more information, contact Nancy Burke, Vice President of Government Affairs at [email protected] or Destiny Bossert, government affairs manager at [email protected] MARCH 2019 TRENDS | 39