ABSTRACT
Some countries located in the tropics with sun exposure throughout the season with the majority of the population who work under the sun exposure even when the sun was blazing. Sunlight itself actually consists of visible light and invisible light. Visible light is between the red light to violet purple. At the moment we go beyond this light we face is not visible rays are ultraviolet rays. UV-A has a more rays identity to the surface of the earth and will cause discoloration of the skin becomes reddish brown.
The existence of global warming phenomenon which affects the climate exchange and ozone layer depletion in the earth can cause UV-C radiation to the earth ' s surface and adverse effects on living beings. UV-C rays are the rays with the highest energies, the most dangerous ultraviolet rays among others. In humans, prolonged exposure to UV rays that can cause health problems.
The toxic effect of UV radiation contained in sunlight or UV light is a serious health problem, a major acute effects that occur due to UV radiation on normal human skin can be either inflammation( erythema), tanning, and local or systemic immunosuppression. While the chronic effects of UV radiation can cause aging, immunosuppression, and photocarcinogenesis.
Adverse effects of sunlight can be prevented by avoiding exposure to UV light or wear sunscreen when in the sun. Sunscreen compound is needed to protect the health of human skin from the effects of UV rays.
Sunscreen is a cosmetic preparation that is used on the surface of the skin to withstand the adverse effects of sunlight. The effectiveness of a sunscreen is described by the parameters of Sun
Protection Factor( SPF) and UV Protection Factor A( UVA-PF). Parameter UV-A PF indicates the ability of a sunscreen to provide protection against UV radiation, while the SPF rating refers to the FDA provisions that classify the effectiveness of preparations.