REVOLUTIONARY MALARIA MALARIA THERAPY USING ALLICIN IN GARLIC EXTRACT ( ALLIUM SATIVUM ) : BIOMOLECULAR STUDIES USING IN SILICO
Putu Ijiya Danta Awatara 1 , Ajeng Maharani Putri 2 , Mokhamad Fahmi Rizki 3 , Gabriela Nativity 4
University of Brawijaya
Background : Malaria is a life-threatening disease caused by Plasmodium Falciparum . In 2015 , nearly half of the world ' s population , about 3.2 billion people were at risk of malaria . In fact , progress in malaria control is threatened by the rapid development and spread of antimalarial drug resistance . Allicin extracted from Garlic ( Allium sativum ) is a major biologically active component to inhibit cell proliferation and induce apoptosis . Allicin has a important in reducing Plasmodium Falciparum growth and transmission of malaria .
Objective : To show how microtubule of Plasmodium Falciparum plays important role in reducing malaria transmission and to how Allicin blocks these phenomenons .
Method : Biomolecular experimental is conducted by in silico supported by uniprot database , zhanglab , VegaZZ , Pymol , Discovery studio and Pyrex Software . Comprehensive literature search conducted to prove the consistency of in Silico result . It was searched in October 2016 using three main search engines , NCBI , Sciendirect , and Pubchem . Inclusion criterias were used to filter the abstracts and full texts in assessing the eligibility of the trials . The search was limited to trials written in English and published in the last 10 years . Results : The result from the analysis of in silico ( supported by pyrex software ) shows Allicin strongly binds and inactivates beta-tubulin microtubule protein of Plasmodium sp . in their active site , Alanine 206 , through Alkyl bond . The binding affinity among allicin and microtubule protein is -3.7 kcal / mol as the highest score and the lowest one is -3.3 Kcal / mol . To show a consistent result , We included 3 studies which mentioned Allicin from garlic inhibits Plasmodium Plasmodium Falciparum . All studies shown positive result towards Allicin from garlic inhibits Plasmodium Plasmodium Falciparum . We also analyze the mechanism of Allicin in inhibiting microtubule of Plasmodium sp . It can block cell division by preventing spindle formation resulting in inhibiton of sporozoite invasion andinfectivity of Plasmodium Falciparum in vivo .
Conclusion : Allicin which obtained from Garlic can be a brand new alternative antimalaria medicine by inhibiting microtubule of malaria parasite , Plasmodium Falciparum . Allicin strongly binds and inactivates beta-tubulin microtubule protein of Plasmodium Falciparum in their Active site and block Cell Division by Preventing Spindle Formation resulting in inhibition of Sporozoite invasion and infectivity of Plasmodium Falciparum . Allicin is highly recommended for all of East Asian continents