ABTRACT
Asthma is a chronic inflammatory airway disease characterized by episodic wheezing, coughing, tightness in the chest as a result of airway obstruction. The incidence, prevalence, and mortality of asthma have increased in children over the past three to four decades, although there has been some decline in the most recent decade. These trends are particularly marked and of greatest concern in preschool children. In general, asthma rates were highest in English-speaking countries( UK, New Zealand, Australia, and North America) and the lowest in South Korea, Russia, Uzbekistan, Indonesia, and Albania. There is currently no unifying hypothesis to explain these trends or any associated risk factors. The general risk factors that can trigger asthma is divided into genetic and environmental factors. Environmental factors that may lead to asthma include air pollution; genetic factors, the hygiene hypothesis, and lifestyle differences also play potentially causative roles. One way to reduce the number of patients with bronchial asthma height is to educate people about bronchial asthma. Asthma may develop as a result of persistent activation of the immune system alone or in combination with physiologic airway remodeling in early childhood. Further studies are needed to confirm this hypothesis. Key word: asthma, children....