DF , Climate , and Geography of Sampang
Sampang is located in Madura island , East Java province , between 6 ° 05 ' to 7 ° 13 ' South Latitude and 113 ° 08 ' to 113 ° 39 ' East Longitude . It covers an area of 1,233.1 km 2 . Sampang regency consists of 14 districts and 186 villages [ 21 ]. According to Badan Pusat Statistik ( Statistics Indonesia ) in 2015 , the population of Sampang was around 919,825 people with population density per km 2 around 733 people per km 2 [ 22 ].
Sampang regency shares borders with Java sea to the north , Madura strait to the south , Pamekasan regency to the east , and Bangkalan regency to the west . Sampang regency is situated at elevation 0 to 50m above sea level [ 21 ].
Dengue hemorrhagic fever has already spread all over Sampang and was one of the leading cause of hospitalization in Sampang , accounting for 455 cases ( for Dengue infection 435 cases ). In Sampang , the incidence rate of DF in 2012 was 34.61 in 100,000 populations [ 23 ].
Current strategies to prevent and eradicate DF in Sampang is by going hand in hand with the community , inciting their participation . The main strategy is to promote : ( 1 ) eradication of mosquito habitats with “ Gerakan 3M ” ( drainage of bathtub , sealing water reservoirs , and burying garbage and junk ), ( 2 ) monitoring numbers of mosquito larva , and ( 3 ) early detection of DHF and the initial management of DHF in house [ 23 ].
Looking at the climate , Sampang regency is situated in a tropical climate . Every year , there are 6 wet months and 6 dry ones . Rainy season in Sampang regency started at around October-March with its peak season on December . Dry season is usually from April to September , with the peak season at around August [ 21 ]. Temperature are high all year round at 27.1 O C with little difference from month to month . Because Sampang regency is mainly consists of coastal areas , the daily range of temperatures is small and nearly the same throughout the year [ 25 ]. Average rainfall in Sampang is around 1,415 mm with the lowest precipitation in August , with an average of 16 mm , and the highest precipitation falls in December with an average of 239mm .
Figure 1 . Temperature and Rain Precipitation in Sampang [ 25 ]
Study Objective
With the available evidence of the correlation of temperature , humidity , and rainfall to dengue fever incidence and the evidence in variation of climate in Sampang . We sought to analyze the relationship of dengue fever incidence and death case towards climate , especially on rainfall and temperature at Sampang Regency , Madura , East Java , Indonesia . We hope that this study can be used as a basis for future policy in anticipating dengue fever in Sampang .