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Municipal wastewater
The following is published data by a Spanish Water Utility on the treatment of wastewater for second use. The data shows
the backwash profile from the gravity flow sand filter and then the AFM® grade 1 filter media. The data confirms the
stability and high performance of AFM® in comparison to sand.
The sand filter was unstable and the large interval between the back-wash peeks confirms channelling of water through the
sand bed.
The AFM® filter was like clock-work, each run phase and every back-wash was the same. The data confirms the stability of
AFM® and the high quality of product water that may be achieved.
Data published
Technologia del Agua, No 334 November 2011, I.S.S.N. 211/8173
Independent tests conducted by Spanish Water Company and reported in Technology del Agua , December 2009, page 47.
Sand filter tertiary treatment, using 16 x 30 sand
AFM® grade 1 Filter tertiary treatment