Agri Kultuur May / Mei 2015 | Seite 6

“Take care of the land and the land will take care of you.” - Hugh Hammond Bennet, 1950 Article and photos supplied by Mazwi Dlamini, Mahlathini Organics Erna Kruger, Mahlathini Organics, and Hendrik Smith, Grain SA C onservation Agriculture (CA) provides an attractive alternative for smallholders where environmental and economic stresses have reduced grain production considerably. This article reports on a project running in Bergville, KwaZuluNatal Province, which has been established through collaboration between four organisations: The SaveAct Trust, Mahlathini Organics, The Maize Trust and Grain SA. The CA project in Bergville fulfils the need of the smallholders involved in the project for innovative and sustainable ways of producing grain crops. These smallholders are organised into Savings and Credit Groups (SCG’s), which provide a strong organisational backbone to initiate an innovation process (project) among their members, in this case focussing on food security and economic development through CA and agricultural enterprise development. The Bergville study area – a ‘network’ of learning activities The CA innovation process involves volunteers within SCGs and commodity interest groups (CIGs) undertaking to do CA trials alongside their normal production practices. The CA practices introduced to them comprised planting without ploughing using specialised hand planters, retaining the crop residues on the soil surface and crop diversity, i.e. intercropping with legumes and crop rotations with winter livestock fodder mixes. A high crop density approach (i.e. narrow rows and higher plant populations) was followed to reduce soil water loss from evaporation and to suppress weed growth, whilst accelerating soil health improvement. The volunteering ‘CA groups’ joined in an ongoing learning process throughout the season using their trials as ‘field Photo 1: Thulisile Hlongwane from Stulwane in her maize and dry bean intercrop trial plot, January 2014