African Mining May - June 2019 | Page 3

Comment Politics wrecks growth in southern Africa T he so-called winds of change that started blowing across southern Africa two years ago, have morphed into headwinds instead. Recent political change in Angola, South Africa, Botswana, and Zimbabwe were hailed as historical events that would change the trajectory of the region significantly. However, economic realities have stemmed the tide of optimism that many felt were the beginning of the resurrection of the ‘Africa Rising’ narrative. In hindsight, the damage done by incompetent and corrupt governments, especially in South Africa and Zimbabwe, has eventually taken its toll, and the brooms that intended sweeping clean afterwards, have to take full responsibility for the sins of their predecessors. Of all four new leaders in the southern African region, the president of Angola, João Lourenço, has been the boldest in restructuring the economy and flushing out corruption and nepotism. Lourenço is driving privatisation relentlessly, and the mining industry in particular has benefited from his reform programme. The opposite is true in South Africa and Zimbabwe. The biggest disappointment of all would surely be Zimbabwe, where President Emmerson Mnangagwa’s government is stumbling from one blunder to the next, without even knowing. But then, could we have expected anything better from a leader corps that came to power through a military coup, and is ruled by generals? Or from leaders who should be testifying about their involvement in human massacres and human rights abuses in international courts of law rather than brokering big business deals. From being regarded as a fresh www.africanmining.co.za breeze after Robert Mugabe’s misrule, Mnangagwa has become an even bigger disaster. Zimbabwe is a failed state and doing business in the country is almost impossible. It is not open for business (as its president so boastfully proclaims) unless you line pockets, and the sad reality is that nobody really knows if the situation will ever change. In South Africa, President Cyril Ramaphosa, for all his good intentions, is hamstrung by a faction within the African National Congress (ANC) that seems intent on destroying the economy at all costs. The group is closely aligned to former president Jacob Zuma and until Ramaphosa’s hands are untied, he is a lame duck without direction. From being the shining light, South Africa is fumbling in the dark, literally. Its national energy provider, Eskom, is in a debt-ridden downward spiral from where it can never emerge, unless it is privatised. Without enough electricity and business-friendly policies, the South African economy is heading towards the same black hole as Eskom, regardless of the new president’s charisma. Zuma’s tenure has cost South Africa dearly, and Ramaphosa is paying the price. His ‘New Dawn’ was stillborn. Mokgweetsi Masisi of Botswana is another president that has to deal with the backlash that accompanies the change of guard in African countries. Former president Ian Khama’s shadow looms large over Masisi’s decision-making. Factional battles within the Botswana Democratic Party (BDP) have ravaged the ruling party since Khama stepped down as president last year, and questions are being asked of a country with the reputation of being a Get in touch Leon Louw - Editor @LeonLouw3 [email protected] beacon of hope for democracy in Africa. Despite its challenges, though, Botswana, and its neighbour Namibia, remains low- risk, business-friendly environments. Meanwhile, Mozambique’s economy is gaining steam, and with the gas fields of the Rovuma Basin bound to start producing soon, all is set for Mozambique to ride the tide of new prosperity. The security situation, however, especially in the Cabo Delgado Province in the north of the country, has deteriorated significantly. American petroleum company Anadarko recently reported that one employee was killed and several injured after an attack close to the construction site of its liquefied natural gas (LNG) plant in Cabo Delgado. Islamist groups are claiming responsibility for numerous incidents in the region over the past year, and it has become risky for foreign companies to do business in the far northern parts of the country. There is a real concern that the situation will get worse once all the gas plants are up and running. Leon Editor MAY - JUNE 2019 AFRICAN MINING 1