African Mining May 2020 | Page 38

• IN THE STOPE MASHALE PHUMAPHI: BOTSWANA’S COAL MOGUL Courtesy of africalive.net Shumba Energy is the only locally-owned coal and energy development company in Botswana, Mashale Phumaphi (MP), owner and managing director of Shumba Energy, tells AfricaLive.net (AL). AL: Please give us a bit of a background on your company and tell us what you wish to achieve? MP: We started this company back in 2010 at a time when South African power utility Eskom faced many powerproduction challenges. Being from Botswana, I saw an opportunity to exploit our vast coal resources both for the export market, as well as for addressing our energy shortage in the region. Talking of development, developing a coal energy plant takes some time. You first have to determine whether the deposits are economically viable, look at the market and get the right technical know-how. We are very cognisant of the prevailing global argument, which is all about sustainability and environmental-consciousness. One of our first goals as Shumba Energy is to ensure that we create energy sources that are first of all sustainable not only from a production perspective but also from an environmental perspective. One of our businesses is a coal to fuel facility, and we have partnered with two of the leading companies out of China. One of the companies is Power China, and the other Wison Group. These partnerships will help us exploit our coal resources without any harmful emissions. We are currently looking at releasing 40% less carbon dioxide than the conventional coal to liquids process. We want the world to know that we are aware of the adverse effects coal has on the environment. Despite the risks to the environment, we cannot just sit on vast coal resources. Our goal as Shumba Energy is to find ways to exploit these mineral deposits in the cleanest way possible. We are also approaching hydroelectricity generation and solar power generation in the same way. AL: Speaking of solar energy, we have read that you are interested in going deep into that. How true is this? MP: Our interest in exploring solar energy is real. As you may know, Botswana has enormous potential in solar energy. The challenge with solar, is that as it currently stands, the cost of storage is pretty prohibitive. Pursuing solar is a great idea, but we are dealing with an uncompetitive cost of storage compared to other forms of energy such as coal, hydro, and geothermal. We have to examine the most practical energy sources to exploit in our region. There are enormous opportunities for hydroelectricity outside Botswana in places like Zambia and the DRC though there are vulnerabilities involved due to climate change. While we wait for sources of energy like wind and solar to become more affordable to store, we have to utilise coal in the most sustainable way possible. Fortunately, we have the likes of Tesla who are working day and night to slash the costs of storage. We estimate that in the next fifteen to twenty years, the cost of storage will have gone down to a level competitive with fossil fuel sources. In the interim, if we can get coal-based electricity in a carbonneutral way, why not continue to utilise this vast resource? Our focus is being sustainable and thoughtful about how we exploit our coal deposits to avoid negatively impacting the environment. It is with that mentality that we are producing cleaner diesel. This drive is not just about energy sustainability but also about taking care of the citizenry. We have to reduce unemployment from double to single-digit numbers just like the countries in the Eurozone. AL: You have talked about your efforts to minimise the carbon footprint in line with the global mood. What other trends do you see coming up in the future that will affect the energy sector? MP: We are already starting to see the private sector play a more significant role than it used to. The private sector is stepping in because state enterprises are bogged down by many issues which include infrastructure building, unemployment control and other headaches. Our governments also don’t have the capital required to develop the energy industry the way it should be. We have to create new energy sources that are clean to use, and that can lead to the rise of new industries. I see Independent Power Producers (IPPs) playing a more prominent role because of this in the future. We have set up two sites for our IPP project to address our power shortages. Soon you will see energy become 36 • African Mining •May 2020 www. africanmining.co.za