African Mining March 2020 | Page 30

 COMMODITIES  COMMODITIES arid, water scarce country and the prolonged drought in the region adds to the woes of not only operating mines, but also mothballed operations thinking about starting up their processing plants again. At the moment there are still strict restrictions on the use of surface water in Namibia. A uranium giant Despite the challenges, Namibia has some of the largest and most prolific uranium mines in the world. According to the World Nuclear Association, Swakop Uranium’s Husab mine produced the third most uranium in the world in 2018 (3028t). That is 926t more than Rössing uranium mine, that produced 2102t in 2018. Rössing was the fifth largest producer of uranium in 2018. The largest producer of uranium in the world is Cigar Lake in Canada, which produced 6924t in 2018. Cigar Lake is owned Cameco/ Orano. The second largest producer was BHP Biliton’s Olympic Dam. Olympic Dam pushed 3159t through its processing plant in the same year. Rössing was owned by multinational giant Rio Tinto, but the company announced last year that it had completed the sale of its interest in the Rössing to China National Uranium Corporation (CNUC). The sale was approved by Namibia's Mines and Energy Minister, on the provision that China respects the African nation's law. The Rössing open pit mine has been operational since 1976 and in 2017, before operations were discontinued, it supplied enriched yellowcake uranium to power stations in France, UK, USA and Japan. After having been placed on care-and-maintenance, the Langer Heinrich uranium project is now the subject of a prefeasibility study into its restart potential. Paladin Energy indicated that there was an opportunity to increase production to 6.5-million pounds a year through an additional high-return, discretionary capital spent of USD30-million, further enhancing access to offtake and financing. Uranium geology of Namibia Tertiary and sedimentary deposits in sandstone of the Karoo Supergroup host the three major types of uranium- bearing lithologies in Namibia. Rössing and Valencia are of granitic origin. The other main deposit type is paleaochannel calcrete deposits, such as Langer Heinrich and Tumas. Uranium mineralisation was first discovered in Namibia's Rössing Mountains, Namib Desert in 1928, by Capt. G. Peter Louw. One of the big concerns for mining projects in Namibia is the lack of surface water. In picture is the water pipe from Orano’s desalination plant to uranium mines inland. 28  African Mining  March 2020 28  African Mining  March 2020 www. africanmining.co.za