African Mining March 2020 | Page 28

 COMMODITIES  COMMODITIES A part from diamonds, Namibia is known for its rich uranium deposits and according to the World Nuclear Association it was ranked as the world’s fourth largest producer of uranium. In 2018, the country produced more than 5 525 tonnes (t) of uranium. The top producer of uranium in 2018 was Kazakhstan, followed by Canada and Australia (World Nuclear Association) (see Table 1). Table 1: Production from mines in tonnes of Uranium 2018 [adapted from World Nuclear Association]. Country Kazakhstan Tonnes (t) 21 705 Canada 7 001 Australia 6 517 Namibia 5 525 Niger 2 911 Russia 2 904 Uzbekistan (est) 2 404 China (est) 1 885 Ukraine (est) 1 180 USA 582 *Data from the World Nuclear Association. NB: the figures in this table are subject to change as new data becomes available. If all uranium mines in Namibia would fire on all cylinders, estimates are that uranium output in Namibia could provide about 10% of the world’s supply by 2035, possibly making it the third largest global producer. The uranium sector in Namibia has seen some boom times, but more recently suffered a series of misfortunes. The success of uranium projects is not only dependent on market demand and fluctuating prices, but also public sentiments regarding nuclear energy, specifically following the Fukushima disaster in July 2012 in Japan, which left the country, and the uranium market, in tatters. But memories are short, nonetheless, and uranium demand has gradually started to pick up. There is renewed interest in uranium projects, and it is projected that uranium prices may improve in the next two to three years as new uses for the metal are discovered. Apart from its use in nuclear energy, possible future application for uranium include nuclear medicine, composite materials, robotics and supercomputers. Exploration gets green light In May 2019, the Namibian government announced that it had lifted a ten‑year moratorium on new applications for uranium mines, and repealed rules mandating that companies seeking mining exploration licences be partially owned and managed by Namibians. This decision will hopefully revive interest in new uranium deposits and attract international interest from companies outside of China. Currently, the uranium sector in Namibia is dominated by Chinese-owned and -operated mining companies. However, the big challenge for mining companies in Namibia is the availability of surface water. Namibia is an 26  African Mining  March 2020 26  African Mining  March 2020 www. africanmining.co.za