African Mining March 2020 | Page 24

 COUNTRY IN FOCUS government. The company has the intent of managing gold mining activities in Zambia, incorporating the whole mining value chain from exploration, mining, processing, marketing and value addition. What the impact of the creation of the entity will have on the Zambian precious metals sector, remains to be seen. Government regulations In 2019, the Zambian government introduced an export duty, which was levied in addition to the 6% mineral royalty tax. This in practical terms, resulted in precious stone miners like Kagem, to pay 21% turnover tax. In addition, any profits were also taxed at the prevailing 30% corporate tax rate. Fortunately, the Zambian government announced shortly thereafter that the 15% export duty on precious stones would be scrapped in 2020. Kagem was further adversely affected by wage negotiation with mining unions. The outcome of the negotiations is that unionised employees will receive a 10% increase in basic salary for 2020 and a further 10% increase for 2021. Administrative issues, such as awaiting correct documentation, has also been cited as the reason that the Zambian government withheld payment of tax refunds to the major mining companies, in the region of 2.8-billion kwacha (USD215-million). Maamba Collieries was fortunate to receive the support of the Zambian government. This after having to face some challenges to keep its 300MW coal-fired power plant running, when one of its two units was forced to shut down in October of last year. As a result, the country as a whole, and specifically the mining sector, has had to deal with power shortages. 22  African Mining  March 2020 "The country as a whole, and specifically the mining sector, has had to deal with power shortages. While Zambia hosts some of the best copper deposits in the world, the government has not done mining companies any favours. Maybe Zambia is just too reliant on copper exports, and diversification would go a long way in fixing a struggling economy.  www. africanmining.co.za