• EXCURSION
Areas where geotechnical input is key include:
• Strategic pit closure planning: Assisting in the development of a strategic plan for pit closure and the post-mining land use.
• Rockmass interaction analysis: Formulating relationships between rockmass degradation and structural interactions to transition from operational to closure designs.
• Premature closure planning: Addressing considerations for unexpected early closure scenarios.
• End-of-operations pit configuration: Defining anticipated pit layouts at the end of operations, aligned with geotechnical models and long-term considerations.
• Post-closure comparisons: Comparing the final pit geometry with natural landforms.
• Stakeholder engagement: The relationship between the mine and the community helps to transition into a more successful post-mining era. The mine will have the role of preparing the community adequately for life after mining.
• Regulatory framework: While there is strong legislation around mine closure policy in South Africa, compliance poses a challenge. Areas of weakness involve transfer of mining assets to smaller mining companies that are unable to sustain proper mine closure practice.
• Financial provision: In accordance with the mine closure planning, working smarter entails paying off the mine closure fund during the mining operation rather than at the end. This aligns with the idea of progressive closure as well as a tax shield.
The framework Based on the research findings and synthesis of various ideas, a practical framework to enhance the open pit mine closure process has been developed. The framework serves as a dynamic tool to guide the closure process rather than a rigid success criterion. It accommodates the uncertainties of mining by incorporating a feedback loop that continuously adapts the plan based on evolving knowledge and planning considerations.
For optimal results, a biannual strategy discussion to align with the framework could be helpful to assess the operation’ s progress towards closure objectives. The adaptable nature and iterative process contribute to effective closure strategies and sustainable mining practices. The framework is shown in Figure 4.
While there is strong legislation around mine closure policy in South Africa, compliance poses a challenge.
26 • African Mining • January 2026 www. africanmining. co. za