African Mining January 2020 | Page 23

COUNTRY IN FOCUS  The Magufuli purge Not long after his election in November 2015, Magufuli (nicknamed the ‘Bulldozer’) had foreign investors eating out of his hand. But the love affair between the private sector and Magufuli didn’t last long. The president delivered on his promises and really started clamping down on corruption, which caught most by surprise. It wasn’t just the usual populist rhetoric by a desperate politician like so many companies doing business in Africa have become accustomed to. Magufuli meant business. His purge not only included crooked government officials, but he took straight aim at those that sung his praises so loudly at the beginning of his tenure, yet kept previous corrupt regimes in power for so long. Doing business in Tanzania was never going to be the same, and it hurt those that had become part of the patrimonial system (including business). Suddenly, Magufuli was enemy number one and analysts warned about investing in Tanzania. Those negative perceptions have persisted, and foreign investors remain cautious, despite the obvious opportunities. Regulatory risk Tanzania’s regulatory risk, expounded so well in the Acacia case, might just scare future mining investors and exploration companies. A little more than two years ago, Acacia was heavily fined with a tax bill of USD190-billion, several executives were arrested and some of the company’s operations came to a standstill. The matter was resolved soon after global mining giant Barrick Gold took full control of Acacia’s operations in September last year when Barrick and the Government of Tanzania signed an agreement according to which Barrick would settle an outstanding tax bill of USD300-million. Other terms of the agreement included the lifting of government’s ban on export concentrate; the sharing of future economic benefits from the mines on a 50/50 basis; and the establishment of a unique, Africa-focused international dispute resolution framework. According to Mark Bristow, president and CEO of Barrick, a new operating company called Twiga Minerals Corporation was formed to manage the Bulyanhulu, North Mara and Buzwagi mines. “The Government of Tanzania will acquire a free carried shareholding of 16% in each of these mines and will receive its half of the economic benefits from taxes, royalties, clearing According to Vincent Phiri, economist at NKC African Economics, Magufuli’s administration has sent mixed messages regarding the state’s relationship with the private sector, particularly the mining sector. “This has resulted in an element of unpredictability, which makes planning in the long term extremely difficult,” says Phiri. Lara Smith, managing director at Core Consultants, says that a lot of money is being invested in infrastructure development, which helps with job creation, and will bode well for Magufuli in the 2020 election. “The issue is, however, that economic growth is regarded as something that the state itself needs to deliver on. There is a lot of money being spent, though, on vanity projects like the national airline (Air Tanzania), or building new sport stadiums. The fact that the government is investing in infrastructure-related projects is fantastic, but they seem to be ill-conceived, badly implemented and don’t make financial sense – and definitely won’t benefit the citizens beyond the construction (job- creation) phase,” Smith says. Amani’s Reverse Circulation Drilling at its gold project in Tanzania. www. africanmining.co.za African Mining Publication African Mining African Mining  January 2020  21