African Mining April 2020 | Page 29

OPERATIONS  A well-established deep level mine can have virgin rock temperatures of between 50 0 C and 60 0 C. Water is used as a cooling medium in cooling systems and it absorbs heat in the liquid phase (heat exchanges), rises in temperature and then disposes of the heat by evaporation (cooling tower) and drops in temperature. The water itself does not cause any problems; but being the universal solvent, it harbours several unwanted guests. These contaminants may be brought in with the municipal water supply or scrubbed out of the air stream used to assist evaporation. Depending on the material of construction of the cooling tower the water-quality control limits indicate the limit the cooling tower can run at before scale and corrosion start forming on the heat-transfer surfaces. The satisfactory performance of cooling equipment is dependent on correct selection and proper attention to overall system design, installation, water care and maintenance. “Our water-treatment programmes include automatically controlled dosing of chemicals and the bleed-off system. The cycles of concentration are optimised to minimise water loss through bleed-off while controlling corrosion and scaling,” Myburgh says. The selection of a model is based on a thermal duty and the wet-bulb temperature. Thermal ratings are based on the wet- bulb temperature of the air entering the equipment and do not consider any recirculation of warm and humid discharge air which may occur under certain weather and wind conditions. Verification of ratings assumes a test according to a recognised test standard and the application of tolerances as recorded during the test and applied to the test results. The fluid to be cooled must be compatible with the coil material. Fluids not compatible with coil materials can lead to corrosion and tube failure. Certain fluids may require occasional pressure cleaning or mechanical cleaning of the inside of coil tubes. In such cases the coil must be designed to provide this capability. www. africanmining.co.za African Mining Publication African Mining African Mining  April 2020  27