African Mining African Mining Outlook 2020: Mining Indaba Preview | Page 12

 MINING INDABA  MINING INDABA GEOLOGY James Gilbertson, managing director and principal geologist – SRK Exploration Services and John Paul Hunt, senior exploration geologist and Johannesburg Branch Manager of SRK Exploration Services talk about defining which commodities to explore for, selecting jurisdictions that meet risk appetite, and understanding the minimum exploration target size significant to one’s business, and how these parameters can then be matched to an appropriate geological domain. With the mining of gold in South Africa and Ghana becoming more difficult, where will exploration companies turn to next? There will always be investment questions based on the (perceived) increasing maturity of particular mining districts, changes to legislative frameworks, political risk or labour disputes. These issues are not unique to established mining districts such as those in South Africa or Ghana, but they do become amplified in these regions. What these issues actually represent are the competing needs of stakeholders, which need to be properly managed; moving to new jurisdictions is in some respects only a temporary fix to these issues. What some of these new jurisdictions do offer is the opportunity to be first mover in broadly under-explored terranes (with the added lure of making world-class discoveries). Increasing security issues in the Sahel and sub-Sahel regions has stifled activities in Mali and Burkina Faso. Cote d’Ivoire is set to pick up some of this slack with similar Birimian greenstone geology to its Ghanaian neighbour, and a fledgling mining industry that is already finding its feet with gold, manganese and nickel production. There has been a surge of activity across the under-explored Arabian-Nubian Shield, with its demonstrated gold potential and various entry points which include Egypt, Ethiopia, Eritrea and Sudan. Despite historic gold production dating back millennia, the region is still under-explored, and offers high grade, large resource prizes. The West Congo Craton represents another broadly under- explored geological terrane. Production in countries like Republic of Congo, Cameroon and Gabon has been restricted largely to small-scale alluvial operations but with more systematic regional exploration. 38  African Mining  January 2020 38  African Mining  January 2020 www. africanmining.co.za