Publications
California Berkeley and Isha Ray( corresponding author), Associate Professor, Energy and Resources Group and Co-Director, Berkeley Water Center, University of California Berkeley, to provide policy guidance on key emerging areas in the gender and sanitation nexus. This paper was featured at an event on Emerging Issues in Gender and WASH held during the 60th Session of the Commission on the Status of Women.
UN Women would like to thank the Governments of Singapore and Germany for their financial support for the research, which made this Discussion paper possible.
CLTS and the Right to Sanitation Frontiers of CLTS issue 8, 2016.
Authors: Musembi, C. and Musyoki, S.
The purpose of this issue of Frontiers of CLTS is to examine Community-Led Total Sanitation( CLTS) in light of human rights: Does CLTS contribute to realizing the right to sanitation and other inter-related rights? Are the principles and practices of CLTS ompatible with human rights?
What are the specific areas of compatibility? What areas raise concerns about actual or potential incompatibilities? With regard to areas of compatibility we discuss CLTS’ consistency with the principle of interdependence of rights, our interpretation of the nature of state duty in relation to CLTS, and CLTS’ recognition of the need to balance individual and community rights and duties.
With regard to actual or potential incompatibilities with human rights, we discuss complex and controversial issues surrounding the use of shame and disgust, the range of sanctions employed by communities and governments, and subsidies, in light of the right to improved sanitation for all.
We demonstrate that while CLTS is compatible with a human rights based approach to sanitation, there is the potential risk of violation of human rights through bad practice in the name of CLTS. This risk is arguably multiplied with the scaling-up of CLTS, which highlights the need for a fuller understanding of human rights and more rigorous coaching of CLTS practitioners, as well as re-orientation of the attitudes of government public health officials and local leaders.
United Nations- World Water Development Report 2016 Report: Water and Jobs, 2016
Three out of four of the jobs worldwide are water-dependent. In fact, water shortages and lack of access may limit economic growth in the years to come, according to the 2016 United Nations World Water Development Report, Water and Jobs, launched on 22 March 2016, World Water Day, in Geneva.
From its collection, through various uses, to its ultimate return to the natural environment, water is a key factor in the development of job opportunities either directly related to its management( supply, infrastructure, wastewater treatment, etc.) or in economic sectors that are heavily water-dependent such as agriculture, fishing, power, industry and health. Furthermore, good access to drinking water and sanitation promotes an educated and healthy workforce, which constitutes an essential factor for sustained economic growth.
In its analysis of the economic impact of access to water, the report cites numerous studies that show a positive correlation between investments in the water sector and economic growth. It also highlights the key role of water in the transition to a green economy.
Economic Valuation of Wastewater – The Cost of Action and the Cost of No Action
Publisher: United Nations Environment Programme( UNEP) Pages: 72
Over the years, wastewater has been a source of pollution due to urbanization, growing cities, industrialization and improved material consumption, among other factors.
Today, an estimated 80 per cent of global wastewater is being discharged untreated into the world’ s waterways.
This affects the biological diversity of aquatic ecosystems and disrupts the fundamental web of our life support systems, on which a wide range of sectors from urban development to food production and industry depend.
Africa Water, Sanitation & Hygiene • May- June 2016 35