Africa_Water_Sanitation_Hygiene_July_August Africa_Water_Sanitation_Hygiene_July_August | Page 3

Published by Sustainable Water & Sanitation P.O. Box 60359 Nairobi 00200, Kenya Tel: [phone] Wireless: [phone] Fax: [phone] Mobile: + 254 722 641 820 + 254 700 370 038 Website: www.afriwater.org Webmaster [email protected] July - August 2017 July - August 2017 Vol. 12 No. 4 Contents REGULARS the amount and severity of conflicts, specifically Publisher S.N. Mwaniki Email: [email protected] 2 Comment 34 Hygiene 3 News in Brief 36 Water & Health Editor Kariuki Wangai Email: [email protected] 20 Water Management 38 Publication 24 People 40 Roundup Assistant Editor A. Ayiro 28 Sanitation 41 Calendar 2017 between herders and owners of large farms. 30 Freshwater from salt water using only solar energy A federally funded research effort to revolutionize water treatment has yielded an off-grid technology that uses energy from sunlight alone to turn salt water into fresh drinking water. Editorial Consultants Befrina Igulu (Ms) Email: [email protected] Dr. Judith Nyunja Email: [email protected] Eng. Malaquen Milgo Email: [email protected] Raphael M. Kabando Email: [email protected] Eng. Prof. Patts M.A. Odira Email: [email protected] Peter Mwaura Email: [email protected] Eng. Ephraim Kisembo Email: [email protected] John Rao Nyaoro, HSC Email: [email protected] Regional Representatives: Rwanda Contact: Dr. F. Otieno Tel: [phone] Uganda and South Sudan Contact: Cyrus Ruheni Tel: [phone] Zimbabwe Contact: Marjory Kusotera-Dzapata Institute of Water and Sanitation Development Box MP422, Mount Pleasant Harare, ZIMBABWE Tel/Fax: [phone] Graphic Designer Patrick Mainga [email protected] Disclaimer While every effort has been made to ensure the accuracy of the contents of this publication,the Publisher will accept no responsibility for any errors or omissions or for any loss or damage,unconsequential or otherwise suffered as a result of any material here published.The opinions expressed in the editorial are the sole responsibility of the authors or organizations concerned and not those of the Publisher. Neither Transworld Publishers Ltd nor its agents accept liability in whole or in part howsoever arising from the contents of the editorial published herein. Material in this publication does not necessarily reflect the considered opinion of the Transworld Publishers Ltd or those of the contributors, nor does mention of trade names and commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. FEATURES 13 AfDB promotes sustainable, resilient and healthy agro- and forest ecosystems with GEF On May 24, 2017 at the 52nd Global Environment Facility (GEF) Council meeting, the GEF approved a total funding of US $11.2 million for two projects co-financed with the African Development Bank Agreement (AfDB). on the 32 Pinpointing untapped irrigation potential Ambitious efforts are underway in Africa to promote the spread of smallholder irrigation. This work is critical for achieving sustainable intensification of agriculture and for enhancing its resilience in the face of more frequent and severe droughts. 14 The Status of the Nile River Basin Cooperative Framework 2010 The Nile River Basin Cooperative Framework Agreement 2010 negotiations started in 1997 to come up with a new Nile River Basin Agreement in the name “The Nile River Basin Cooperative Framework Agreement (CFA)”. 36 New-generation material removes iodine from water Researchers at Dartmouth College have developed a new material that scrubs iodine from water for the first time. The breakthrough could hold the key to cleaning radioactive waste in nuclear reactors and after nuclear accidents like the 2011 Fukushima disaster. ACCORD-CADRE SUR LA COOPÉRATION DANS LE BASSIN DU FLEUVE NIL Nile River Basin Cooperative Framework %8581', .(1<$ '5&21*2 5:$1'$ (*<37 68'$1 (7+,23,$ 7$1=$1,$ (5,75($ 8*$1'$ 1 18 UN Environment statement on US decision to leave Paris Agreement UN Environment chief Erik Solheim released the following statement on the US decision to withdraw from the Paris Agreement on climate change. 26 How small social enterprises tackle drought challenges in East Africa Tribes migrated to find water and food, and we saw an increase in 37 Human Health and Contaminated Water Microorganisms are bacteria, viruses, and parasites sometimes found in water. Shallow wells are at greater risk of contamination. Runoff, or water flowing over the land surface, may pick up contaminants from wildlife and soils. This is often the case after a flood. These organisms can cause a variety of illnesses. Partners ©2006-2017 Transworld Publishers Limited Affiliate Member Member Africa Water, Sanitation & Hygiene • July - August 2017 1