Acta Dermato-Venereologica 98-8CompleteContent | Page 27
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SHORT COMMUNICATION
Failure of a Print Media Sun Safety Campaign to Reach High-risk Occupational Groups
Alexander G. S. ZINK 1,2 , Melvin RÜTH 1 , Reinhold WATZELE 3 , Claudio R. NIGG 4 and Eva A. REHFUESS 2
Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Technical University of Munich, Biedersteiner Str. 29, DE-80802 Munich, 2 Institute for Medical
Information Processing, Biometry and Epidemiology, Pettenkofer School of Public Health, LMU Munich, Munich, 3 Sozialversicherung für
Landwirtschaft, Forsten und Gartenbau, Kassel, Germany, and 4 Office of Public Health Studies, University of Hawai’i at Mānoa, Maui, USA.
E-mail: [email protected]
1
Accepted Apr 26, 2018; Epub ahead of print Apr 27, 2018
At the regional level, analogous to the national level, the same
Non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) is the most com-
information was published in the Bavarian Agricultural Journal
mon cancer worldwide (1). With a large proportion of the
on 15 September 2017. This special-interest journal is Germany’s
adult German population currently at risk, it is estimated,
highest-circulation subscription agricultural journal, with a circula-
that the prevalence of NMSC will double by 2030 (2).
tion of approximately 100,000 copies reaching 85% of all Bavarian
Main risk factor for NMSC is solar ultraviolet (UV) ra-
farms (12). The weekly magazine provides agricultural professions
with the latest news on all aspects of agricultural life, including
diation (3), which has led to the classification of NMSC
finance, health and agricultural market prices, thereby ensuring a
as an occupational disease for outdoor workers in some
large and continued readership.
countries (4). Naturally, sun protection during outdoor
In both cases, the responses and engagement of the target au-
work and leisure is the main target of many interventions
diences were assessed based on the number of website visits during
conducted at individual, organizational and community
the 1-month period following publication of the printed campaigns.
In addition, the total time spent on the website and completion
levels (5). Typically, these campaigns place messages via
of the online questionnaires were assessed. Usage statistics and
television, radio, billboards and print media with the aim
audience characteristics (age, sex, location) were tracked through
of promoting sun-protective behaviour (6). They usually
Google Analytics dashboards. The same descriptive analysis was
target general or recreational sun behaviours among the
performed for comparison over a 1-month control period, 2 months
general population, or among children and adolescents,
after the Bavarian approach.
which means they are difficult to implement in adult
high-risk occupational groups with their specific tasks
RESULTS
(6–8). Previous studies in occupational professions have
focused mainly on seasonal or permanent, predominantly
During the month after national publication, a total of 128
male, workers, who are often employed by the recreation
individuals (46.1% women) of all age groups (> 18 years)
industry (9, 10).
visited the website for mean 1 min 2 s. Interestingly,
In Germany, farmers and agricultural workers are at
website visitors were located in 10 of 16 German Federal
very high risk of NMSC (11), but, to date, effective pre-
States, with no visitors from Eastern Germany (Fig. S1 1 ).
vention measures for this occupational group have recei-
ved limited attention. The aim of this study was therefore
to explore to what extent the placement of sun protection
https://www.medicaljournals.se/acta/content/abstract/10.2340/00015555-2958
messages in different profession-specific
special interest magazines could effecti-
Table I. Characteristics of the website visitors during the 1-month period after the
vely reach male and female farmers and
national launch, the Bavarian launch and a 1-month control period
other agricultural workers in Germany.
1
METHODS
The study consisted of a national and regio-
nal approach placing general information on
NMSC and associated sun-protective behaviour
in print media. This placement of information
was combined with an invitation to visit a study
website for further information, as well as to
participate in a brief online survey. Eleven
questions based on pr evious studies (11) addres-
sed risk and protective behaviour during work.
At the national level, the information was
placed in the free member magazine of the
German farmers’ compulsory health and ac-
cident insurance. The magazine is published 4
times a year, contains up-to-date information on
a range of topics, including healthcare, and has
a circulation of 1.35 million across Germany.
Publication was on 2 June 2017 (Table SI 1 ).
Publication date
Website analysis
Agricultural households
receiving the information
Visitors on website, n
Sex, n (%)
Women
Men
Age groups, n (%)
18–24 years
25–34 years
35–44 years
45–54 years
55–64 years
> 65 years
Time spent on website,
mean (range)
National Bavaria Control period
2 Jun 2017
2 Jun–2 Jul 2017
1,350,000 15 Sep 2017
15 Sep–15 Oct 2017
100,008 n.a.
15 Dec 2017–15 Jan 2018
0
128 12 1
59 (46.1)
69 (53.9) 5 (41.7)
7 (58.3) 0
1 (100)
35 (27.3)
43 (33.6)
20 (15.6)
16 (12.5)
7 (5.5)
7 (5.5)
1 min 2 s
(9 s–5 min 2 s) 2 (16.6)
4 (33.3)
2 (16.6)
2 (16.6)
1 (8.3)
1 (8.3)
1 min 49 s
(16 s–4 min 57 s) 0
1 (100)
0
0
0
0
3 s
7 of 96 b
3 Russia
0
58.3
41.7
0 100
0
0
Geographical region, n
10 of 16 a
Completed questionnaires, n 0
Devices used, %
Desktop
59.4
Tablet
33.6
Mobile
7.0
a
German federal states, b Bavarian districts.
This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC license. www.medicaljournals.se/acta
Journal Compilation © 2018 Acta Dermato-Venereologica.
doi: 10.2340/00015555-2958
Acta Derm Venereol 2018; 98: 811–812